ࡱ>  z~32po|{ OR$6aMc\R$@gqDeGYX\b$샪m$-sL *8zb$w52D]a):U:Ec $ 3f@ g4kdkd]@w0w]ppp@ g4PdPd]@w0w]p@ pp? %O =William Monroe Trotter   50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, foug8BIMAdobed##""     F"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#F}\6aMcJFIFHHExifMM*bj(1r2iHHAdobe Photoshop 7.02003:01:29 14:57:40(&HHJFIFHH Adobe_CMAdobed            Q"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?wayZsMII7X5$6~GvrJW"InP fEjM7>G.+ Ⲻfc3uՀzI.uIyDv ,wf=@S&#@{DLxUǦpƆoCFN4:nU_c@^mIO?7K5ٕ _?Wbg\ez/m+ٲ=B՟yGSM~Dˏ&IO93:~u=C2m8#M۷uV7v~]^1:L,fU{v]\vZ^)yX3xw )P~I6䤒ǹ^۽c0#ڰ1}^!~H]:?5b. y-qyՃw'}FϴZYa\SLa9?X:M-Uv <mtw:}i,lXw{ݱIOmkaiā2q-ɾdKyUs7V߳zV8`=͵ǫ1]/GKYVX{;!ȯ#ۇp{h HL?KuZݶvw?럜UNPX6k-c>. իuYSZ폰8zq)}q[]ue;ѵTs̻ ,nls}_&;>S NCZowSﾝJH;S d87B̪C[/v?!\gG׾<ĩN3,ere i-hOĔR>f2c}'նm}F۝gJk+tOYv]X{s1kgF&#u?kZ2}ϥ9 YnA%8ȳ-t6=gTZ?濛ZZz;sYEhVx5c*n+g̲eKoONk߾9 vU>u׾<} [g+?F>oZ]WavX7jռ 1n{d֝u,k "W'W^۬kWfoIL|7{1mm9Lpw3gOv.mKtӳsk6-puOs7^?'+]\ ~UYmu qKǹ'x<>Hu96]vD7+ڒR{ޒZI)#հLI6뽶7kG35ӊ[K-ڴAec¿msxW?nY~ua]=hw=obJy<_KT^L^Zּ76TJ]27$$c׫}o}Y–ޯfulFcՖ7Qa@$%=]Zr\ߤvA=yY6K]$l${w7WuE夶y'yt8980>@"Mǧg?1%=y89_ts[k陭۽.~]7xuT1,e8am{YnS"];U,heOi>wc9Cmq?w%6=%) $e?dv47Yl5?-Qkz,6hff2 )긘Whu=čE ANͻ:YIŷuq#ͪjmѯo9?S~h\] ufj=)01: ivk}nF~\ƺg}%$3')E=ՊrMLp.1ʗM}G1v;l]DZ_UO酹\3?5mko[C?Vs2ޫԜq:UzaWnk׳oLdԲ,.j9ce?uUc(md_GLcj:?GHIO??sIO>T:sjtZ">>jroȯ;.l,ӫeWcpk׷}W Sw{?]t[3Ӗ&C"?gXK;,>m ͨ^2=q]fW16]kI5SwKվ'%0﹵slY,s8S^ROC[_O};vnǃ?Y؟]_Ѻ& 6 }0no}C3g"]C2q_?{?ĔĩPXⶈnиO\ݕe1Xv^wb3/g9 zN Ű}?(qyi hӰIJ'8O~U<ԃ_%3ooJMV1P(]aDZ,-.Mc6ߏ-?9WiεT;{߷IO1׀fmTñc.3f5zFƧ\SND {l~=~Vn{Kv2ȩO]%8RՋV?P}79dbVlo?C$t:w]!בlVY[-{^2)R~X\:rr]28~_^aul3Sc^u eN[tG?Z}pٓk§Y:owS3-{c5֠;RHID܋[L?RR#ĥ΃$|KquniP`))} %$Photoshop 3.08BIM8BIM%F &Vڰw8BIMHH8BIM&?8BIM 8BIM8BIM 8BIM 8BIM' 8BIM5-8BIM8BIM@@8BIM8BIMEwTrotternullboundsObjcRct1Top longLeftlongBtomlongRghtlongslicesVlLsObjcslicesliceIDlonggroupIDlongoriginenum ESliceOrigin autoGeneratedTypeenum ESliceTypeImg boundsObjcRct1Top longLeftlongBtomlongRghtlongurlTEXTnullTEXTMsgeTEXTaltTagTEXTcellTextIsHTMLboolcellTextTEXT horzAlignenumESliceHorzAligndefault vertAlignenumESliceVertAligndefault bgColorTypeenumESliceBGColorTypeNone topOutsetlong leftOutsetlong bottomOutsetlong rightOutsetlong8BIM8BIM8BIM QzJFIFHH Adobe_CMAdobed            Q"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?wayZsMII7X5$6~GvrJW"InP fEjM7>G.+ Ⲻfc3uՀzI.uIyDv ,wf=@S&#@{DLxUǦpƆoCFN4:nU_c@^mIO?7K5ٕ _?Wbg\ez/m+ٲ=B՟yGSM~Dˏ&IO93:~u=C2m8#M۷uV7v~]^1:L,fU{v]\vZ^)yX3xw )P~I6䤒ǹ^۽c0#ڰ1}^!~H]:?5b. y-qyՃw'}FϴZYa\SLa9?X:M-Uv <mtw:}i,lXw{ݱIOmkaiā2q-ɾdKyUs7V߳zV8`=͵ǫ1]/GKYVX{;!ȯ#ۇp{h HL?KuZݶvw?럜UNPX6k-c>. իuYSZ폰8zq)}q[]ue;ѵTs̻ ,nls}_&;>S NCZowSﾝJH;S d87B̪C[/v?!\gG׾<ĩN3,ere i-hOĔR>f2c}'նm}F۝gJk+tOYv]X{s1kgF&#u?kZ2}ϥ9 YnA%8ȳ-t6=gTZ?濛ZZz;sYEhVx5c*n+g̲eKoONk߾9 vU>u׾<} [g+?F>oZ]WavX7jռ 1n{d֝u,k "W'W^۬kWfoIL|7{1mm9Lpw3gOv.mKtӳsk6-puOs7^?'+]\ ~UYmu qKǹ'x<>Hu96]vD7+ڒR{ޒZI)#հLI6뽶7kG35ӊ[K-ڴAec¿msxW?nY~ua]=hw=obJy<_KT^L^Zּ76TJ]27$$c׫}o}Y–ޯfulFcՖ7Qa@$%=]Zr\ߤvA=yY6K]$l${w7WuE夶y'yt8980>@"Mǧg?1%=y89_ts[k陭۽.~]7xuT1,e8am{YnS"];U,heOi>wc9Cmq?w%6=%) $e?dv47Yl5?-Qkz,6hff2 )긘Whu=čE ANͻ:YIŷuq#ͪjmѯo9?S~h\] ufj=)01: ivk}nF~\ƺg}%$3')E=ՊrMLp.1ʗM}G1v;l]DZ_UO酹\3?5mko[C?Vs2ޫԜq:UzaWnk׳oLdԲ,.j9ce?uUc(md_GLcj:?GHIO??sIO>T:sjtZ">>jroȯ;.l,ӫeWcpk׷}W Sw{?]t[3Ӗ&C"?gXK;,>m ͨ^2=q]fW16]kI5SwKվ'%0﹵slY,s8S^ROC[_O};vnǃ?Y؟]_Ѻ& 6 }0no}C3g"]C2q_?{?ĔĩPXⶈnиO\ݕe1Xv^wb3/g9 zN Ű}?(qyi hӰIJ'8O~U<ԃ_%3ooJMV1P(]aDZ,-.Mc6ߏ-?9WiεT;{߷IO1׀fmTñc.3f5zFƧ\SND {l~=~Vn{Kv2ȩO]%8RՋV?P}79dbVlo?C$t:w]!בlVY[-{^2)R~X\:rr]28~_^aul3Sc^u eN[tG?Z}pٓk§Y:owS3-{c5֠;RHID܋[L?RR#ĥ΃$|KquniP`))} %$8BIM!UAdobe PhotoshopAdobe Photoshop 7.08BIMHhttp://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/ adobe:docid:photoshop:d8e7772e-33c3-11d7-80f3-ca72acccc267 AdobedC         s!1AQa"q2B#R3b$r%C4Scs5D'6Tdt& EFVU(eufv7GWgw8HXhx)9IYiy*:JZjz?k#+R:83 zbg&=o3 ,U+z~MN)*#j4;'-&V12`Jt'?E̰X] $eFhSڇ$~5kN% oXҠV߮_#ł~%V,;v6H]c>We c:hMk<+J < V>:[ˁ-Aqop'ax0!xG+;7LR$UsE|bcy(/Kb)W%I3˯~\c}t˨ef7d/;Mƭ}S^Z̼l\rfOz7>rWqq42OE2i N,2,8䎆G#3qAr+힨MiNu؃V12GMu{dvUi]eH؀/g,O0mv|t?q,*["y=wtM.Q,QhEe5ߧb4;ezJg 0f ڙTJvaS0(: IZ;[KݪjlE)%%# XCT(2@P0&i;0aZ?RNT?ký<2ʨo W#jXۄ0;6'$1ı#AbR8Ѝ2a\P P|$V.$H5/)b?P -xPF.ܓGJl7tbObrN8s}D杪ѿ'YG'=m4W0q,9 X 4?0P W؜q;HdGWk׷ hTP+&Q1 c0AɅ3<XM); +]U='q|ȴ+^@u'> EHwqj#Z#0ytdTN7&Ţ"FTޤ죹힎K:;M5$1hX=.ΗmsJn;֙/t}\8 4;/!gErKNe(-חᔩ&$ץ1Cϣ %)#|Hjsٷ%Ax o;H\k^6/F/eTmKX[{yh+|g| 5UhIfOQ\A Anp#U=E1=)(㒯!kyQrbf0+EەOZ՟Z}r ϟnuşh9{3΂魢@Y݈pʇ[lywPm6Úl4>}Ԓƻ$ީ#5fEkǶ8P}6n:wDUz lsXt dCYR" y,+K{R0%"jjJW[wiUqwi^BHIP*$y~9u!F#*h/Na~CL5浯\ @EI@]5%}K֘y-c4CO;Mo#@bs,ޜ{=l㢲(`kԀ>xufRekrG4*+M9x$kW^)r#kV0̌"_3,,qƙ5,^嘖 ռA >)=3R6YFQi}wNOfNlhzS#B8e- s?\op&G,6D5 ]"xv̠Ra6ipa dTwf|9hʢcL OGy{QKp&!)m2Gӭу@FE k \zsio@?y3&t/#RDو{/Ü,*+s^H}O)p8"رmq?hFeزHI>'ZGyEhΛi-knK8+Y>#ާ-Gh .vbV+fYoRH9+ЌjRM" ۶ON;wSp0\0GE״7$2B3ŤI#wY FP!@ï*jQFdAq-v^b=vҠ+QO~UZUt*@]FJGOBԅPTg-_4Qph)_@eI5M.xl/Q\M65c]_-p5v>שЦw+[{K_NQ*QE|dhr #-,<.g!tQS=MBUPf%0?eAYn<_.ۛK K4+BN[]Ic6ڱ<(%y ,X@{d>kedvsRO灢F ԃdCҚ{ ʭW қt9ش ($!$]]3~ch/뒼q4v;?~E"Ñ_^hּgFcx lwљGV5o  $`Q׶|qrobԡESD{'UZ[Z\G<ѩhz,lO0Qnl*G>>i|R{[yIW|ΨeyGyD%Ux@-3ZŒIz|NG &<&p:PC f=z)fP)\C)*[CI6O? Ҟ~{cבRyq㉫M#_%2T*Hso6yM[[ե_U)}_]5贸yVjD?sB$/X7xJ~8*{C7(Q%Ns0yIg)i%b?Fbs1MIpHZA:Kk錢;fXmBVgស"Ԅm^U7ཱུ\#o{8BEF)ӠһʬkEk#z7ӃRH 9|RX][t|䟚z\1D@h]a~k} Q^ޥ$ ~Ȯ: of^ˍVYCRJ(dsYoV/^\I#ƾyN#'RH^85f@zn|r.P;jMzJѰû;QE"^.̫֛P{ h zq;nrqwlc ٪IDU9V4vi_7+u~$~<1Җ.S]l vEq l"=YR_!U\ipOG@ii9?+n5 11@)4oq]pC= B=;bB%բe _(_ Id] w?NFS2+ BZA=MAT)$5+T-_Wqj:4#G^&ZΓy6m [ lm19?7_jyHu[)?v?ڍ,'Nx0qރmcq5E *8fL`:e4A"c5X#@hzI>žl̄l:pېPI%?~Fnۢᦑi \.X4Y7`|6RНՀ=Mpg-Z7bi izt:m\LhiߨDԭEhqM'?՜۰NNG 4HJ7 >YmH~$Sj)>2dX: 9<E|5m„Q^o4YEdcH9Y~6|"|0ujL޿w91ѿ,ni&7=ywɺfW '595VBötOPX3NLݕvlwͨyPkפch _56 vB4}۶_%G~)Vָ%UFʆ&V!ԟiDܪ AOrr7-ݍ!Cj<6r&_;F.yʫ;PW+=:T^|{]Z*#ݚCvOA `|j6,6 TZzaE)Nki0R|ekIsp#K;qnө[H [H"hts̥E ;*)ǩ=mֲ#7]Ҵv׵ T̵4kz쬃`cL,8:W4I;z;z-H! ;%=`g..-EIX@S5/3Z]RYOc *G᪠r뺝փʦ1:|Bvh,[|ۑjè.P(^ g TkY-.?L猻TS㍢n2Íh-=H1@W~f< .@UM̝+ Yֵf\KrMXU >r==_dT|*C.QqF{_uy<`zqZ=mg`?d=?b 禼5^UVVy^ mY ;;`;/ߋ 9WRqopۊ 3GiGiDDn r$go3PY'iM;HӤ.Tavu5j|XZ1=׶SP)'wHc+Np'щiIq TzvG7#pOASIml-Cf+fiJsb>ő_2MUEj+TbEBje4 ݽ;<olI>_ 7pG$*z*es ,<JFyhtl>7IAfR~&z0[L>צy,KkF1AAJΕ&3H)]KC?s59;o4j¸hߘM8 ߕ|sT { Jw0C>%4"23=c)2o叏7*9AȹLIdh GݸX:4r &lnhǩcu r(;Ufv2IwQI3F4@js`Nsi#Koh(wM~oůn#'QyA#坊IA V,6 7sUT~YENPsQ72jnۊtƃf|OP) vrwf)N[-Ըn ==V]5 ]-&kjpn v/q8f9`q->[$|=?g(ej„;䵄NLl'v4UHv!>xMPFr`zvdo2c:rEOÇIoϧGnY&YdzӄqLZ lywk4\m*RiS>U?c7PMQV0! R)^,;<1WaLS}מtt߯ʿj=^>ח>M>/yW¸%>=O}ZOC½`}>խEs}wU6:Т\yzzӗSщ?ӵ:\?A~{9?OGr#Mx+Wڞ>izo<)`4˥=Uk;-^sQ˭p=^O\pִ٠F@gqDeGYXJFIF,,Photoshop 3.08BIMx HH@ U (XXX0 '_xdPH5PPt8BIM,,8BIM8BIM' 8BIMH/fflff/ff2Z5-8BIMpR3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?^9"5GcccCgo/RvXjp4<K]:GOC Wʲdb1]qc s[FvVN_ҡf},X]oOً^Ujkނ)tz;\01o[oAj@7cO\ǂMgA_}ovF.~U6>jkogȧ+Bt="`~q: M8i5`s:Y.b/ykVSw4mp֧voosl>wonR Q2lk\Ss?5au175bSO_''֣INh/'su5Wx휛LKǻ{gjUu\l/>r]]*FK*f&G]^?Iz~*H1ic `-o9)UZuLїZ0_*}YWd>2WOd tΒ*ìZ߳aޕuSߏo+}o}j}DN},+m9e~Zs2qؒK  qsMSy,U_mɲ;fc0]ܚ F'B1C\Z{io]~*]u"׼׺q˜CnC~Ӑ۲=/4$^槊ݵt;wh^-6mu^kz9U_dޚsceG7_G )]G"4uρ}S[X6{_ $`=2KmΦs}2le?QW?V̛Nm>͕SrqkZ= &UoU^W%62nڟe,v?e~Ѻ3۱ ZucPS_?[~msSo} 8.ۑuc[^F?\ {qqYUַ"`wzǷiKܒmOGvzC 'unݿݿ_>}Crlkj }zlUf=NڏzɺNcʢa;[6/ԟO[qϴ>NVٮo떟 qZig-ԟzjSN'y.߿~Q/IKrlĿu?.Mqi-+3~7Y6«̹6Ffw75^;wDƚ@:lc?࿣6~oUixeSY-c\~zuf >oY,~-=rC}/=VOWmVU} f^Wԯ8u@w"[aUm}mX߱MFg)O~'{kߑetEw~}?_*?E.&>v?Nn309!Gz9/-c?l_fO>֬ 5vUcߩV(Mݮ LVognz_IMv \Iy$trYNڮ-}٘Y#[Y195ebdNf57~N?Ŕבu5d5ZswkeTmWcYYwKԾ-~E6=\Yc"}u3"}[Rdz&Y5UV[}?YoCeʎHuLWphpLk,#'?f>ӑO{v O[VnU=Zh5ۅ4]_a!]F6M.c^C!u;nۿB-견;#7~%{O]Ohvw]cc\1 co_ KZ~%ձհZݾRXhj]~?Si+K쾥Tfa88MȺ{}+:&;݅_sOOZ}>\Gz -.4Ĕݑgٟ]n + l=mWzXݓZq7qe_mv7K7'&7]ck/eeAXe+DjWgebax+wjJԒ?kпw=_C=?C|]dϥنN~dS쬰0Ii"@Z$z<ge(\xG.c:S_J1IVz,Sk8޽})RK5`:WrS F=٨;]1Jl1ͻY7f(Q}LFWǦNiS>Xkݱ6)?͖]ORZ,ܚC_)g_h^d.n5!claԘ˿Eke]Q]Mi>eۑCeƗVmgEjzczu_eIՖ\[CE{Z߷?;[.ZZu%iu{SOf}كPڬnvm=V,IOU*]ұ}?۽?aܟ}mXz>7%c1X:v1vKnm8''^ؔꪯs$c륛>{='-A6de^[cߏV5Owo U f> "ÙCEV1W?Cenji~먢1p})X[@~dTѻ%imW9TlXGlӳ~Mc7*C==hoڬ5fk1i E/8ubZ1sۅu,l6\W_c[Uiǻ!kq;};E,n nfOS&lܟ־ӛ?}%7U/+nas]}OW!jؾBm6"MCF}\Uz7"0j,el*acڶUc:+-o&Y~>/އu9YXcZ=􇺐~vn)6,6eQ뤦{2cn{!+~VU-c3:[qfsV)uxW鼊ւ6knE>c6}c[O2;_o^5˱sA `{f~G1?zJe h}D!̾+k=?>ɰ'QWC 1cCׇ'"GǫײhMwK[qmTFk݌n5ͣ]eW~z^I[象8$|R?FOg?Twuaz߿o/q;(~4ֱk}6}ͳocQ R:=Fǽ*mX{C}Ua]gW'RZ8Ӿg_ie%/BOqٿmzdO/ԒC,}@8n`pd4?HŪ,vήco,cS=^_]%-ݻ+{=܊rCA9hc7\GnOqSX +p6Nevzُ_+h]Ogh 3xgIdcڿǯ-x_hFK@Xk!?}\R.Gh}=Q<~:&/NFUtF.Z``_jȯ3s,(ʪ߱zjKXݍs^nu z3C_T}V?W'?G0k`c+`lvu~رIk~_M;7s[ .p Uw{) -ʯǶ}JefEѳ}6A- tXv#2k_/G~V+lqs覷6ϱ3g~M>?^RV)kx? hY_>>~e,oVV[Pdzv~W~M'kˬiߑik=jfL澼oE} ??Kڈiޛʃ*sY]eUwhWއ{Ȗ9!5kw)u: 0q-GRX^9>VZWSfY/?ȫ5iLo[Ե ydžew_Oӱu;.mvEi9[Ư#[>'XGx-{52o{~CCϷ&|Yg|jzmn8eNn۳6[}/OF/}!%&uSih5e xc _ZzXgGu䖓W-ieg_JͿEck{1*o6Z0eZ,{7 zeQ[_~X}l}LhǪJݝ?&Gj߲e(u͢ʘ˜ sQ~5Y4!]SOOZey,٫X3iىuuQ[_h&?RI wEli2c?ջԳvdYHRxXKi5ereߴK}?"Gҧֹ)UHWe+nK/c6?N_fC'կ/jٖ/Mt&܌z}-_gXJrc5uVjUޮ]uuWt'Ue9JPi5mvneWT&~߳zWSEk: ug=S?Og?>~$ˏ=&G;go?e$PMowh߇&XKEZXUqk>ɍNoSuWRE]_beFouo[ԯ_[K__b{%hd^JJ}|>7Vʫgl}E_G'_gYkX5 yWޅ?O?$[nIީFkOI˻#z~wjn#o8m?{Mu.c~=^_?={S^@J}s#\2=OO Yo] zcsu9&,YsøS/#Y_=__5ާ^HI}f_ml [\Y.Ȯ}z^-e3Gc=Lsrgx> oAyI!;.=;n$]}OEI=OzVWexqs+uZ"NX'Իc?ol0דLXŮ*=߬~*/C'+OA}cPrx.b\7m9^_h}2ߵX$ ]^6]۟o fC7_:^^k/ҲsZm nu\JVe };%I%>+uwE{};z/7?^F/@_ΘZ=ɘD}6zNOIy2Hn*샪m$-sLPNG  IHDRd JPLTE~~~}}}|||{{{zzzyyyxxxwwwvvvuuutttsssrrrqqqpppooonnnmmmlllkkkjjjiiihhhgggfffeeedddcccbbbaaa```___^^^]]]\\\[[[ZZZYYYXXXWWWVVVUUUTTTSSSRRRQQQPPPOOONNNMMMLLLKKKJJJIIIHHHGGGFFFEEEDDDCCCBBBAAA@@@???>>>===<<<;;;:::999888777666555444333222111000///...---,,,+++***)))((('''&&&%%%$$$###"""!!!  bKGDH IDATx}{[Y~ZMΈMs2&L29! ms**W]? =3!q==\tΤ *FL&IL&ɠh `3Eg0 :xFR%:x^3/Ow(ŤBXIÿg0Ył'hLdB݃O>:A" (-Zμ&'4 mr).@hT(\Tgւ!cH+44^ H~7+++oܸƆd P25#/_!/NӠӹeUnEG%eU7vvy`;L4) 1PP}hШ^4on]]N5&J!TeZ~/N~H%\w!lY,MSE%SbKKp  06·PctI:NG \,Tb4kH[0 #9)$A@B A: -RXw@* ~Ef7Z킔۠4X/C0IAsIv@tґ.퍂 y}YV. ``%h0]4%@il : 0 eǪ{A60̘8U;h0h'dKKiaaQ!Mit_*__@a!DGst%X|Y^arK2Э`e\P%* @Y4u߅0i`PKk<2BAq@"t4BK @?`o}B0(6H -0uX q әf1h*҄ ,F O8ĀXҥ3,;H 3\z@SͱFpdrfH@'] 4 TłLj@.%3J-h'!hs\tTIp}jHre2:o̅TI " .&0/j'|`u)@zOdM/ x %L`9.L,plNxdxMV`A},'8 h(dVV#S0CE+­!b2QCKgH ObuHͅ m ;`{dJ A0/82+P>^Q@PAL7'$v Du폧!<"P*O  hAcIZ h=::K(~cATĸ10PkE@C |N:͜T\tKҘ E~ax  %H*02r8B~ 0XVPmfU0 a˂/Wb`l!%Qg0((;iDT.40Y C3*3NC`>^@2+ !!Wj[b#A4@‚'^B1z&JtZXZ G8xވ˩Q~\`hH+g먿M +%t%ܾppoT!XOBźTE_*։Ncu0(F"U0xAA5`^ž~]] fr\ZʧFU™ p(|R~g>~yOoϟ|(05QA ;>8c (¡k_qᓇO<~ŏ_~篟)mvpvD 4X[,P"D\Ah8?}{޾8|˟xtvC5ZհC7!, ԵF.PZG1';%ógśwOEk3}њT#.wg΄n.`Lw T Z.`* ^DD٫/_뻷zAs;>{L:?>zt˂~1QRf9zQ9D`.pM%,Ił2!ѝ3D]] %;ǿ{{ÖlVpS5.uhFs3#?NT'Yj»_2mr]3CQ&5}ninSYZ,{;S@`]l'Xif|M'BoU \]7|HԚ!pJ d*s;yv;MP-hC5ude"dSidTJ鶈Td<=7iqEh*a"@laّͫ#?Yw LyZWkKՀoo~~_{l \HsNL&wW '؞.qݣýmrwKVnmϿ/뛏_Ƿ?[xZZJF|XF, `@eȻϷvN#}x5_|w~J~O{Q[c=J;"/At]ָi:gTW`kBwweM_CP(ll9z~ۃ0sO8G491L d"?XChd a/EyN6r_u_}81)e*"bvmK;k;@G4 #!8b{jCqs„U~iT|9IOE'fff%Ǥ%egvNH8_C06y4&ɥ*uhi4T5ސ[PR\XRQPˋIJLͫ;&( yM6AG Wr6{]ܳ\!o,l{S}Cya 7 *k3R2kzf>lYAr ^,+JKrЮKe ht {mi!qU mKݽM99c÷OtfFذYIEǂ%2jOh?4v/oʊ*T/f:J껆:ԧ/uoLH@1,&SF$XQU;hZ|C*RPU|+K`xm w/ktֺg.fY+D4rPvI ud9rg!AQ9y%miQ q*tG׃u4"3]` $!dJ:^4#H e$"32#r5߾X߻/&L̙C#;ŌL8\pOrK$f&zh>c Jm<91&,w3=6 NNMY:`nEnv~ݖA,G0UH6j(`d'jQLJ}sa|LdDlL\ /? 88;\i=c{%%c{;,sJ%]E; gnf(kϋvE=1aA~ꒌؔ샻c+5mdK<"[$LY.*;ӓ|3-8wjH4?+zu"yXZPċ1C03+cV*/6!:)%5vbc89vU!R/OݿҮ0yϑBr),<Cqk*_iHOM~AfvJfNeoI oX~驑>֊Æȁ" ÚhΐR e`bT+_kXJOQvAvjzs2iq(;1=?=ڗ?. E6)!E.Cy8P10ģ+н:-#}3)"kN|uwGڇ: 6ˁ,tƁ#4`} pcDcqngŧ׵ v2tTX4$ 4"|H"/U\CT,b}!@ǃS]Xm ,*]s=ͣi֙t~ahnXFAL6.f0rcB#rҶAłtfZ{qx^ٜhnLJf"к22HYcg1y 䮩5<-5;9(8&.q|qL}>~973DxE;:7 5>=M##LħTu<4) )a3/_~/?^fEY,TI]ڞYEjB bDWP L|ʼu/%6.:"6At|8nܚe+:= U^^>N8 / sDt76ptnml> viɭ)j[&{j&!a^~.n7l.&6T() QQP#^vN koWedgT_0-b#<ݼ]ЭdpHNEbrruw<\]ݜ=l]3cfiTdf4Oiv'|âC]}}(' 6/JE x 7ZgsJ|RlRJ'jXQ?62B#,8*:""((?(Ɏ4PF߳(|thd`ip[HxH{Bq=.7fZmI9i\X_JeQW/`"<|1ZWbh4}Tٯݸf//,ۇuG+~d_SqweeubsΉ`KPOFx{[3 T)$X$x Tc~#<*/8?*ǟvL(.]7>o~}\"*  vb6<ڶI+m9CC.!!1).ֆ-0% 6&;VXHddH@0/.,ddPy#XU)&Qysfzὲ:&:6!>1>9.1&6)>:+\CURӨtG{g/ߐȘؐ峝 L{x1?5:$XV*U{JΡ~cgG~o2 %%&&+!wL» ڍ* -𘨀^gn Ձ (ADQv`^8/&.)&<{|qt[rĤPP|Q]?y^YJIHJMN pV 5c$|xa8zGD%1nMLdR?B١zkcdwoC>%W\u+fBt}?=2={n2=ש4g}ayTBrl 7y\j nmKEJX"ɄbJ^Wʴ{ۦOxv_NV(tg)Q Ivl620*;yt L>_:>>U)A ҚNQDmڴnQtpuh?Օd&xuָ=BƠoT\lhDӓtI$XY[YYIΠӬIT*J*W~r/ދۺMFa26 %E:slXHC"g,ZQWXD`P5tѫMݺD&ZZ[-/J%uͺƴyQ Dɓ-ֆ|YkЬxr<=rw 6fi! Rf|gjhU(*J Ɲ-Ftޒ}Q-_(uFųLW]WʊooM0o$l(\  oO*x_1&JPH{kFA/*jưo=:9xx(%rldpI%{ ޙ+=?>{̮J5JJF#rv{S+zuaT 4*FP*:#pB%\^jz-: M_l<4eպn}PWz?*PuJT&QNNRZѮh5@%lentrz0;$ͩL=c& M ;~xv|ǨLMur5Ll}sY>;ɟI B*X4`94$:# '8߂Z&\l,,6`w`^:+ik+RњdMoT<|LL..,.//DKP073Y[[ E f1Vt$ʭ48+Mz{[oPJxU jDЭ덦]L :\,--MM &Ʌ`Fu}-IDATjo4.#s xC0l"kyN&. UhUo -V%JS M!`hXqM2%G7ߖxUj[;zÎah++U[4NBDRZ}\, fg}6^˹@l[UVV"vhX%T5_ȗw (őix-Yg62o"{p`XONLNN-5jDTT)r|M R2m+"{9pHo J`9v8t2tKŽ]=#X".] f]T/JBiM鶬|ri~~fzj|oh%=ŽXdBDeOYޡ)('K+% m4/;RJ-ta~~~z1-z l(dAmVRkφsczaE!V| uQ^7 Fa񡡁]#jkcA1}4###3cٲ|}]%J`Ћ2U֖g&wef'XX R7$;dmɉѩщYL#ZZ^Zd:X(Q WV*6+v;(\LF\Htw!L\_VШ`pԙ60(XZX^VKBJ HњZ U8ab^JA "ްgs\S|` }rl?,Q jPWskk͍̾n?6 1@$C%Kaov=S3sŢ’ւH0t4kW }ZJwINhlmnjhhn2n775v7=P /~HTk'U\iW臜咏L:qrPCɬ?_ݯ<#W}]\[%\$qfh|/ukצgvҒ"L7$U[$yCUv3-|/JRmm)aQ,1D8ƿ,eilV]W[%)A] ꒧eVT6?&d]0ެ- \ȺYɰۺV-} Irht for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circ nJiKTha$a(4`jpֶb-jݗ&)tRλgh]]oI;t/E5-dUKKc}[uNও^@bٞ[QzZn3MʦTӪXu}n%P`Gڧԟlm]xӽ-tٚK,e[++{Z|]CJ`ևw³4p'Km Yk1E|(ԶYŮP\%rru1T0mBS,8c4!K$l XYd/HllcL:[uT C:f?-Oۋ?&jZ#޸@@Y`%k)XXhX~ `Rآ0v9cbdb]a`w?jPlLZS}=_eJh1+ h}Thi-~Α+U ,< EVQZb 5\Q[5֚\Z0N GE:XAJ+}}_/֔l{&6 &QNl>Z'<,芖'Pؗe?1_$yb4G3<&{ Uiy@ٴ-{n {4v+䚴$U_ v6D) x]l,K6c,k_yעyE;C7J͟7WZmx@1g`oՆæKvdF^a {PfiP/UN|s(eSޣqxDkVGu) -_>K!3*5QhQ$5%T 5S`瞼ƫ@;7-h@]h+u)[ҁeMqm=mNSbUSlֱ `eZ/Q:DoOnY]. uhb^i K>ܬSb` 4tVZ ͵Е[X^ ƲJn [Sr(*eV.U45#NwZ,?U/>~st,LGϾK8;D/lٻPn[}` Kfby1~#] X+{%yjX6xX>8d.J SjVTJ~tۦw42}X5O ͰYm8|̈7ť+ͯy(<K|:?1X7j*vjG`5kҿowl.+͚)? ܹvm74[X+g>PA)})fu]V /,OP.KP&FL}ï£X;#dKVn:yk1JtXۯx7v R &VbV2^,׼G*qh =>c݉MV9k]N>*`SiJJS K*`=>뵦KiXSxmSYIJu 嚈-Bf[ aU-c jz\A{}1!OS-..`# cWrhuB >b^L|NTƔX^7@,Vc)P{wS F᦬02`UY}%w 8Û)4 ._-ǪWC[/\6*2 o94.`$u퐸(KHSYC?a7vlQq#gPI=P-yMP]}"*uR'}z̐l,l9#!w z?+M 謽˦PVb`F!LEb»@EJ `tU@~V}K¾NsIX?M"fJ77cF^W duj.-n݂H5:%o(M8OjK>*??ܬM}ky$ Wu뒇d!h tmҨtq˜.1Ijk)ocquC8 ~e\rIHh Lݬ:ܣvb:” , 'T<#Jh~HW.…e_k U-Hptg$մqpb0(s4 Y,P|jek%Au-uæzM$?PMP,mb @:rlJph8VvDkΔ62}aO/y,g9^f-zDre3e6: eoԊz+ IJ1o3u5_݋`áq(L hv xMe%Rע' SXϤ X[Z[PލX'c>޻M3X}aOGж96-~vgHBm~ rkk9 -M=ӡK0غ;`u}v9^NuXWXY cL3 UI:,)U2Z!^hf~Glk A8֣[;lgЯNד7vbyLf~4{sq2=YJa :ΖW{VXl61[GD8#7S+y^ͫE5kѮ6t~m%Nc/~$c=J+ا "Xg!s)7#L0?:B4ͧx#y@o|Ax%͇zf_g]ĨSECWvk@,KT%bÒt5oY9GUʇm/b> %5-akPV尚y H׽B͐9S(>p4eiOԠR:?|Yg.bRU>fիJjH/mVsG]4t;GX`Y{F }!\|'“J߰ /pt ']K~ZZM `CD+u/m\#g/OVӻnG'w{/U}x`?`|(~`~!no'6UWDt YEe"kujl3kurJXτZ4Or3WI-c ezSuS[=7bo٨iS#bM&9Ci`ӣOk~i9zE Ilw(ڇՒۯ*2S[xzgQ#Up\{[M; dKj{Y`]pvӑCLw 0ؘZޯdԝsxȭnx'>Em4q[""ÙF1Ë:ӷp%YB> cT)TXQyG|^>VTfЏpO5ֻ8l #"\(dZK1cnkiXSǿ Y +h$kRV5ֻz0,7#ɉ`m{~ #LsɗAA4 ‚ F1V &-%?ZtPݱg:'FcO[.p]rKaWw`֐dV#6.%WHлMWّc5: "H7IW,">_.%?ZD[cZu݁K rn}:3%?ɱ1F[&H;bK*hx}rO37L/8;lpaRKk6kh9nλ[n'ɞHKnwl,Uݎ 3zoZ%@\ҥ VE,XW<& {zH]%;XnŠr04Q%[iB/m5—Y32ms&Q-;jAwSIbYLD d0 240Po^v/ 8̊%Y69M4'Xi]?Ms>r0`Ɂa\{)hK Ȁ__Me0b\`htQbԂ4R|+JBb%wIN_{sFpFp"ח0.kSg965.y^]C7Hbf|'p%kaX /K}n$a-_{:4x"ͅ~KnC0 G뜰5PTzGK:iuh wt.;D, ֶ IDAT%boWgSbgHABMz4<݌WX>N_xo)fS4}f.ʋ%iJ,?|(jBScK*J_ח X 0q`q0Q]ߘP%mTfҘaD;-O;1oYTph7%-JIϫE05G?#d0m,FX<}'`|9 `xpn]ds>!'SX=,`y3pKh)Z'5,$KC}wEEP3OK5NJ;pJzCa"}&Vq>Yfw`FuMʽ 36Rw\OTP]m@-D2#uCx[~Cc]פ{JOxEh+:7J4(M.50OZ5[= SQ⦿%3= 'zs1'i!i􆻙a3AK#UKa[2MdYs7ӠvۍiU̦К݆ͦKbbd]C VW'3՚ >+6=IDVI.\~i,k+w|$[ԻG݀՜GS<kn5ȤG#{.9-*7K-0͎itU?dqӺe DIpADÀ v٪OkQZ ;vg؜5!ydmZю-ۈ[n =& Aø4mvmnbֲ <:@B=o{v reBʒ6FّF̓ Um4`ޓ4ڰĘqB4.$)O+x^z!(ҜpX[o" C3nvSi+, & h9(u$oC%AzrX~PѓG`-2ys=TN%XQro%I( RfI=.,*؅C0\md$mXBr XjIEr_wOC9nHI-,M k?|5` w>#tsXQ.NRT(q,ѥ` 9pQ1} 4dŒHm-!sH3-Ib؆D =Ylve$WS|ѺfB8**utX;%pO~C>r`AP]!v 4V-} ,z֞kJ݀dC;4IOmSH0^&=\vRZFJ fJi}~ #nU Ѕ0(#A"jfbA<9"-4miUefk~+{\ hX8Fk{i R+I,nO F_3}j'Au>*ll Pbv4 ƂG\ʳ0.Ukq~Ѹ=M|dc C@CׄX=6Ɍ8ú _*dFDyc׀uNpJcS&;3+[ROm"JuDnŸeS s+H?_[$L]~맵elҔ'~H_?+YjR]ze>gc}F?JkXfmL$N043O5N\;soC-ˆf^qY9Y>EH]2| wKzZܔԿy6XtfJ|tV#Ϗj;_')65rmyOd.aR3d<yet 9a7T=|3>SD-;$ϓ^'lER)ir_pS eFP:JOnܚgOO>z&oQ1`/C JKCMtJᙷ݋1upcj˜hTS~9\+6lI󡓋Pק"Oݦ5>L8E5+w[aźpV7ep˔eR[g`3Z֡KYx)`m̝Ts+Zo-n]cTjݘ%en7| zQl&)Hm#'DWݓ)$Lҟ#H- WQ>;3[{3^6;v7x zEx3䊎ΐX$4*p+k&cU'0T9TVHVstŠ*$51>5%]HQ-L<¹w7dY<322T;jr~-*R!4 6:PlNvW:=4;ԮgHL5F쀵ۆhCki2=| &:!s XLżېeArA5;D9sϐD2=@J7#y S1AVqﱱWX,1ŀ箱RZNe֐7k /C߰2P_N^쉛;xƦ7ԚʫgW2: dABLUFjͦŦ% A4c93",ÅʊՠHfuC'cn},ŇuaV8k3o T@WmjmJymʾ)Uʯ+GVҐ4u$M)}؀b = ʱTQ&K:Ys3y ed堭5H}ՓfFܱH`45[Xlb\ɢcd-KLg7;&eK =) _?56eY7Cъ8I6K<>_MrXUK$cNL~k 骻KE.`;C^QʯòYcY%:'">4,^P+gbkivy#RYxWXKnzIat'ߓ 0>Q݁6-=`JƻE|ƙwF F꣯D=lYD~"mutxzaC#7p1SrZWŌ|V}X&h4Fw*jkxf6Ϩy;I1J21½Gbl֝S< |THEZ﭅g 3xgw:eU{`5Rk35':Ku pfM~ǘjmLKuu2V+.ONQ"CyV1בW A.A*:͜wVpQ:NUguSuM=Z}HiKP3`9=X̅kT,r `ElFW\篁$6NKHr2$#<1QPn6*dfnM 1?&^-<h2)1̘!K2 [}Mc'BTLʛC &+C+%(Gv1 s -Rֶ]hckHɝ=6#f ѯ%a(|Z)"~,U$4Pa_`i44qO@uOg u^[}e,!k@:OkF>˴N`l󄉏vd6ΥN=8B /Oi&A؉q1QUBeSPǂ^ 7M*֍>/ȟNܫ_ٍ"MMy~g"HT9{'*;V+nK;'q%yo %yS?_}t>K7 ?^O[3a)I~w ҝr]򏈤[kKYো;QJXWD<ˀvΖ's]r ,yɧ%?|%_sX;TGRgg&!Ai-lP>Hū}tr/cQhқH^[ ӁU>I;E5u/Dd=5YCP>ѝOW\k?++s5u_y`> M>&f>H_!92ݱফ b'by$ ̩2gh AE5wBknЄ Q>˔awhrMA%x/yva9i'FIe^~1$sIp'!u;K/.(³ׅ1#%+ ^Dh(5j0\צ'f.2o߂9WOy(DVs7?d|Zd2cwa} g 8^mpS PCw'ň0Z."\Kʽ)dTwTuS$70-ﯙ-'۱' G@\1*|1<Ͳ0LDWhlN,g].2tYǑ0l}09Gp&B$kBcji»6>4S/zOITVHd_'Hf a=WXtPTzhu* mw`E12D8AU˔ĖkV$k)RHO5X.d3f+AH-:0u_tDH7}Za#˚0eSs6b3s7wLoyمy[_oXFWYAysL2ViSx'_)$Aj%=fBn6tgfX۬t6X).!hx5< ]usd4ϬYH#Bl P]W+G*œZ4v%XShT0 5a4NE~%X-jAƠUT]r)6f -3@ $ڦ-KИ?Mޅβ2$BrrOX_<Jz{{='aLNI90ɣԀu[4lAb^{D~ I)$9wl4A $AF"jc%JD..% /SO |.uɧEʞXpjiK~i|ϾR~~xOWQSL!SjxӞIpWvfslyoJ*ytx:ung2s/)X:<9tWAlS(κЗ| q~vҩJَJ IDAT1Ճ[)>MqYB/7g7x << _inqLS@73*ilP.U2nzٞiò#ݟӁ.}-~կ !=Y=r&y|I 7ziwnɕ{J`&Q܊#u;^\^ Ei;~Vz"ánُ'LWעfP;'vmZ=jO-qil}Y1L9blgjpo-ts* &'=sʎ`Jux'G?3)$ubkzX}S5 mTct3\ꮞұ27]d/==MjYRWEܒ`KlaJdia}[k.N/؝_Wd!%< X\ t9Rds)g7FǭK:O,&A'ۜ> ^3WO@Ui,.泉TL-kܕ:'F[WҦ#~hb)#TE_xE i*{ǩ.`>c3E{fq7g:okڒt`I8kWr( .+-aNJÎiL- 욈%ǀI؝.gX~Go~vZgnzd'%Hp;j+<ܻx4˗&[G;X)l@g+D5-2?Tf,.01V q1:s*Mk Hc͚ngn'˖_~Ϝi ~_%X7S &rnxCDΖJI<١ĝdPt %k cgT~08uu޵U}0jA0.FhL$&Q@^o>&WEr(~X?&LbPS$b{D?S1kPl^4t ^෤6pL4[x{?0S*}^X|'J&uI۟ w nԶ~LeOkn't8Sz'YP}oQ&3g;Oݐq/Be}VN8J'l6,J _z'4 >6"x^y#m{nF ; ]EGuk 'P85ӡO%6M ˠfzk1VD8M+l@Geq؉cQn0);Y3 2S2R6VӪ#J3z W-jE.^0rc'۸ԋ%}h4w 3#7^Nma^=t4 Q/F1GD?|xbe|!iK>$0w%q{JۉRgќpy6o*%JUEeuaHȡ6vmZ+-R܎$_Pk~İ`<>^?딒 kH=΄R/qbS\ zMwG>P.(-lHeX2{s.z=zz>cM,Jk2A*l2ګL+bzcq{XI6C^{y&/鼀 "Z+67e.lT$"zm`/ЈhHmu)+9'EVYߦP_惵QȹspwToYc˔@`W:'#epMμSL7F0j\ZunlV['B׆xňPJF6b)FK؊ApI6s>9׆Ez.4\*XߋOa8%+,]9ZHPw+$4@/ +%%:9)@N5\ID-]3ۻULYiUl*JkYQ椖)樮N#HHc^~XyMȽu`@Sw|43/&8OCD]B?;gj=]F67Pyoa@nk]7V4U3EآOg1z #_ P]vj&=ժ A($Uxbc4kyla4oJD,;bk2̫a6χfG_:u,˸'ɪ`Nv`K | VlLy^°/ӭz*%ܕ`jtTl!a:j>3j"2 샀 l)ᐘVM4 $Cj ~&@ W{RXA5bKaGЬMb裁-@f49jFWJe G`ɢ,}s鸟-8rmMTNc7kgDj&n3Mhm!ơb Ŋu*8@o9ƛ9,&ڝӳ8Ytʗк˽˘=g^qU9H2^q]m=HC"2lLԲ05Pbyl3`UfUFr 'xvUTC@ٯB1w&FQa1K[ ?K +'87'͒aQidj? B鎛Eem,LjXMfJ>LMFӑꄲST%]Tzfȗ{u/Z >1 It&]CE -A;7pd_߹(-ߺsg?4?N\+eݭݍr7):MO v\X"rQ5 #v j; ]=FT~zv .%Gd2']ҙDuI$Qzw2' _m/B?=SO~\:DWI-LE"ك9*xB:#!fdt(yy![9MKLf \$ÜcRSoJW l9bsm' HsZVeF([dyUX b%;`?yދJژ[F==ͩh  :X͆BGE vVgu0NH'⤎#DK~ >zƲrv,ăB}i = zjOI(u Ef{n|[ʄNVx$#3MȉVxn¢4[Ʀab3eu0&xxρRO_ :/&`3bVh}&nL`|3{NX|X7)5zzZ7y3# x9O:IIH"m~m;C 慽čfodEgzZIB-Am&)J_:'N80j^wpk(6h}RQ᥸E4:^>ƜUCAZ55*ѓBK[޹ꃏOW:,yqlRBdVC]rX{~ Zsݯo(^C0<R 3²TJBZ5%$K_##Ҋš:GGf>eO0y~#uHJDGS,ĸ0 eʏ01X|þ%?/~oKE읋HhKL!o%D.%!5sMf?I"f&#$a |G[2ۼWj5$~Ua!S%; FNƺğ ja_X1wDfEVՙYJ5y(^G_̚@/;BoXu0I *< {@ʲxz! YBT${qX`{G.ĵ<Ѽð?R0I87:I|i>}RJWkRR2Io-#r6A=BVb h֨؄z Mx0}^gp 8$0>*(9M~\ X?\OTwbHR7ĦO,fl{㝜7 Q}0AQ\'Ł!*=XbXnqKH6Ӄݗ}>"ѦkYݽf&lZD_ׂxޥBri:*愨Bv #GݐAN4j YچfO N#G|R541Bָk5d8;{ ~YbTt#L*U ;{3Fqc6zϡ"r&I]J(Z~q <- v v!⻋aR1]EP@kMԬD\IvgYk!N xf5$,KWollmh ljSyƚBi?FdyVl5ޙ$HШǙAvD$o" ݐi6dq76[֖*Pۅfw?\!!ҝ*4փ5UH IDATW'&PAR{JLeU¸+<\ kx۟D;v=K$QȗϓW1ιʦaqQբ敥fT[a$cl@vԹxSP0;h`T?_Tf*c")14QVĜXo>#X2o]'=Y]ܿ}Ĺž= S:x0`%94xlޙ Yڴ03F {f:['1˝5\ED`cA-Fg@>i,h-K96Y3ܠ }5nI(ӣ'6%=sϾd> RYL {1eɶX%X{dI4JJp8"([ؽe ӌ+. `əKgyʮSzyO\:w`% 1(..#,%@:gCV( ,XZ*'.SɓktXlw1R5Mڜ֥S tR% s5,Xa$k;Ѱ8K@h$ XyT34`҅Ya>5rbgPMIǗkHl"W0X'e |aKRn퉮Z /Cpev.阐 1P&m X2mXAċDjO aGXaвȕl[kz"+Ex*0Vs~Y ḯfH}Do-=R, K5"LWͅ閂)>٬tb]52d+UmGMv|<`唦iΔ`mP [kI)S]$J3֖u@rYjs#ޔ&TΞcinVYF2μPhleᬒ^K @zH&h kd9.<-{AYq*Q! SZS|!f Г2:ꤟ<'30cj97>|w{lM#7pBǐ[{Z x`UF,.oj**Z}r\_>%[ԟhM8x^^yV~1}.!U7uɯuEdžOοfY7/{1Klc苗sk܍7c Jm? +k"c 6JLKQE#w`#؀0 aq '29$;%|IN?NBG3ʁ:ﶟ.`d;9?>52c6=- ݱ^ v2r5 >Eޏs8ǺzUŧΜE琁6p086}߬/ lòݏ~{6h +'*|庴X]-`:J"ϓ=7)i(>]9⫣wM2cՆ:+A؄,ch3=Ý<6e?0; gBKoMT w o|\.N(S_1/x\waK)ĵrԉjXyI07{+e;ʹқ'1;2e9< ^~> N9K5'%]NO `Y}>euXG[7ɷRN&f9KͰ FYRx#y ʓpH=xoe]l0IۃLk=#~xP~.ϼ*n=NA ]~* #O0H2MBFDZ90GTUɧc7kJ ѥ,4cI9k8^>,Cp.'Ek9?Uڌk}N7u7yy'\7#"¯kn0J2BǞC0^ތ0`{J:#RWa]D64pbiCPFx"M_lF' ީoN3Xc< Q=ǢE pbuagЎ;| X`~'t.Lլ\0YL2g x" F +${x Lu4}CaMҽ[=$zntF҆(wjɃ35'&hO7[L7b])Jᐑ*B4/ D虚$ 1 4<8<1Wr=<*0~~%CCr [X-6#7<#/Yv7ޝe Ab Cd&s*q{2Te/PCmv#Ҥr[e2"Jta <*7cC^njnX37o^4m1~vr)4O xhH̊O4W ZCZz5RwTt$GO: gBpew>IZVX \`l2r}"n/Ckl6ˍ !rXVt% bXL}]mfXtIOo#0q 0qQP8O+'??ݣAuXW'gH53L$ h13vXsxCn߄ ;waVUe7%O.17H'O1Co6BQ9j z4%#ך^8{X%F~aVtkXu`Y4^`tNXfY:<rT"k,0_|`,ݣ-wu앶ݎt-|;}f@D30T%f ϿqT hHT)}Ub;.v+y5KX7'i^,XJ}f++vwHHndXa^QSX12^7r`Y":X0X&o6Q>G`Iς-`pbS$/'ғ4qBqh!8CHXKRWczZpynڟD$OFYtk?.oKSWM԰g}y΍GeP1b~76I7ZCP;[;=viy#aߑ[B~]/%b>\\r%N$#lKNǼ\c"Lζ">D#%ۼazϷ"9{/;u$e/7$B % b^!lҸcIc(LGٹ:(=o:xȜ> aCw!m}Y^=Mmf1 sIoFFp4XXρK‰3GGMû!ed~ْ~ F.gO+L A>-#ߝ2Z_`5"l2]5As!!NӻpgǧJ@H|2,qqC!*~7à(5P2M]twC|LXN2Z]ԧZ3_~ )T3C I9g#@ҤY+bX0')hUIյ~-Sb;D<ٹ7Mȍ_=G.JdլXY Ụ)͢2A[Ue1~~&mrZ7T_/g:w]*JMMLM!t)OP`ѡw8~nH?*MIJ295[6WSѐ`#:)ehS|L{|O~*/M T7X~i 1-wY4YV |h3Qf+^[5ᤡ ?D#/| ;~N6;ų{M؏玂zPad fyվ@FkkN.ylT7 D°,kf2~#шr!'oۿӵDf(y]J1▥^8Os .=ۿvPDU8yXK[qvJKsM50:c2 ?Ef(Px0j6S]~#ER#Ł[ǩ .BB⎣~/\4Ɵ+__Nx塘ͰvNi1z߿Djʭ}C`/q_NҐ}5d^grj]:y<'[M;L!gS ;u;TQ[7o;l=\&e۩MO[nTmcƶ*J05OgAPrE@raV|&@Eln8s{)(J"!ٹn y.\}Xz{n$1>;}(׮6CВ@ 3I!u!!N/N,Xqy`b'w̉Z&eև-Y)dX@G7R-$16L(wI`Ɍ2>DvUzU14`4s9'Pxc+ڮ8T 98I暿,"dz{~k ")őВә n8lAg^\r߶li}~"؈"/Kdl@kWnk:L4G/Sc4X6dU !V'j{d\ je m.L< G`2{X3Y.n0+jTǵ:Q9?԰nlDBaP> wyKGĄ_*G|5͏"?iPec㘝ch/E] )l66v>JFW+7@FIоX5e` o5f 4s`yдX~5Ei&tef1|d;(Pz2:iG!{KFtFrKb#y%/5f#"!PU3¥%P ,m~q%{얟XQV@禟epbfzuJyz`U5EhV逵žzA+2θ1}_?x}l :Y님<?d2*A!Gϩ q0@2BFDXpqioڮd].c,_6 ] CtJaXzṓ95;fǯcI=6C9V1>QmN[&`tZBtp2I-%B Bx hDb۞'ݹaU#\5q(\4 RFidTɎQ <)#l v{jv%`́r 呦|,=t@P l6r1xr^5gLcXduğ]rq)´1\;$6G ͇s#BkAQUN9 u;O̰.׋OX1V{?*/7f >ݻJ9b-1|gmD$4ѫ* )b@STG S]AV-,I"z ]$#"h< UJ_Ŧ }ڜ1屼D<ӱ‹}:lmBf\NY>?`tA =&rT>y(kEX8,8Ts/`&dd_mO@lD52VKmbu7p&W](U[FC1a|CϦ\g[_=b#J#"XKYu\@__{D6 uOoB)vY[7= {l2!a~+w; A:uԗnVr FoMTnQBvR:c~)7߉?x(ʠμ'_=IУ7^.e? Ckg^}y>7EoD3'O/s*ɲ/4e~sj5};}?Il*+2(cuK7(Y([}O,*~S2$tIWKOcbO1L 3?oS8|{ܻ6^γgEE0q**^:TԺ:Ig6h'DDj2)ҺrrUkAj[AM(Z~MKA'(WYR;'H6,*k'CIB>"lW{4K+>ujU' |0@2q:?f~CBKSZIDAT\f|v#&}Y~]%@F L@i?TZͩr(1uHh֒K@5FEڒXm&̶JfLC/$ƕDt1x>V2n[^_lHzt0# c>g(̎m$cLe,qƚ9'qNI1g|w#@JD'EQ!nc#9?j `*>9!T7 Y!<*zj2/md2P'Keo:`գ^/Bj#A$c$+h ;9'><iJ|u+R֌/8 4hYgi íyV}Wi(DukBͲb$o`~/ɂrLKG 9ž X:xH)WU9ۜeU*&+8ŋUKXdi4`/ 7~q'RPzdqLBeF2dk,U50]ZUediSgJ u%HI#若') *M"(%9K%;^SjȩmSޑ*43Z ͯ*$,1rBE c3sz^i5#ौ?}PX7UU3ˆ,bȍK>mؾm \B=q:GMG-h8 `H'`$t'!GGǖhYyJܾ?UT"y؂ztX~xNU,RZmloTDmޞ]QﱒYz;>>(6VIJ $x[CK!giFdo^LL%zm+3.1] n+-zK\\[X&9* 6DW(Q!JAzZDx?C!1*@?y _fyEL@ AJ2Ŵ5|FQ)iْ'?6) ?>VA&E%Ca!,y>6bUm1GH]@4y4Vr_n ,OA 7#ۦnm7NbwOh3ܵ8U8)YM޽9>gWUYh|P%izu֜~tߤ1A*,6ij-4K5jW=,+ g8Q RXt ڦ4Se0 ȡ+4've;Ai+vQzgSir BgUSi܊.FT)RR`!EIمGT8Gm>Bae" <|"@76J.jl sԩ#&Vmr "J r2gCy&U2 GU=YT`滪 =ձ^Pji;=SzP8g(8j>WR: v W+Hހe~T$э!,/C'gCDtRpvҵyl>6nZp:HY\r{T(9U7M{j>}|>2 iJ :nãUw|Oovǯttw5Ų`ndg̽eQ}-{Md+/[auT~ٲ XޓsyQ="yyN\꺮68̊|t,콴 Nܙ UKI«rCZy\e_gЄF]wXJL_H^L, yU8r(M /# 4eӉ+3?y Ln{]J_%Sֵe_f=D=`f%VeL=X7n I/|,ˤv+rsH|8ILzG,KP;Fw@'񩗂=ƜR{8џzXPwʥ`gi://,@FW9`~e;RO㇉h1D?\QE܆N@Y'JEWEou7~ێdQF1ՊȢSVh<^C |[ Fd("w3 kfР>aB;(Y2Fwd^!S3sF筇elm^Y+9kK4D." `<#B"-eJN37I (Ox Vc&L!~Xڬ\N^20&sNiK 6='R `ţ/xSeJŒ}̀u0c5ff]Zc.L& =fT7;|e yfWyfT;XNF 皶n6]qNY E>SMuR/ 佸7N9aw%ȊDKmew<ՙGOXumް Z@6v)0S o3lskogVǠN`V$KFmT *M]CB# eœVD9\vޕ}noa X~/-{ɖ.Ųe~ou[Kez\>+v߱Z[1ֲؚZN[ϴRbʎ˖kT;Ds7lp}7_Q($ҌhsW3C,1, ԥ(g_CeJk9Ix˾Å0[e?PcLdڠcl2 7-dWl{IENDB`naOLkVJ*iXjJx{( / 0LDTimesdeeeH@#eX@# p  @n?" dd@  @@`` L<    OR$6aMc\R$@gqDeGYX\b$샪m$-sL *8zb$w52D]a):U:Ec $ 3f@ g4gdgd@#4epe@#ppp@ g4PdPd@#4epe@#p@ pp? %O =William Monroe Trotter   50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  Arrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement  }  Opposed to White Leaders  Trotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices He was thrown out of the White House          Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versaille     ~Applied for a visa to travel to Versaille in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a chef on a ship     U             Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stmt)- ''   @  :    ,  _                   /sxHH(FG(HH(d'` ` ̙33` ` ff3333f` 333MMM` f` f` 3>?" dd@,|?" dd@   " @ ` n?" dd@   @@``PR    @ ` ` p>> +#(    64 P   V Click to edit Master title style! !   0    RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S   0 ``   Y*    0T `    [*    0 `    [*  H  0޽h ? ̙33 $Blank Presentation @@( A F".(   0 P     ]*     0      _*   d  c $ ?     0T  @   RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S   6 `P    ]*     6 `    _*   H  0޽h ? ̙33 z0 (   l  C tp   l  C t `     B  s *f޽h ? ̙33  PD( # l  C tP   l  C     $  C A wTrotter.jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: B  s *f޽h ? ̙33   @P( ؑ @r @ S P   r @ S D5    $ @ C A 003_sm.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: p@B @ s *f޽h ? ̙336  ` |( T4 r  S P   r  S     $   C A4_guardian[1].jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:P 0$   C A 08_02.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:p B  s *f޽h ? ̙33  z  (   l  C TP   l  C @   B  s *f޽h ? ̙33  $$( XP; $r $ S P   r $ S p    B $ s *f޽h ? ̙33  zH(  Hl H C 7P   l H C 8   B H s *f޽h ? ̙33l  (( - (r ( S P    ( S t      r ( S p    B ( s *f޽h ? ̙33l  ,( 4 ,r , S 4P    , S       r , S p    B , s *f޽h ? ̙33l  0( X; 0r 0 S TP    0 S       r 0 S p    B 0 s *f޽h ? ̙33Z    L( yz Ll L C 9P    L C d9      l L C 9p    B L s *f޽h ? ̙33  z<( O <l < C TP   l < C    B < s *f޽h ? ̙33 zp( Q4 O44T R  3      C  @     H  0޽h ? ̙33rH|$V&An,02F68.;@@\)l4=?C( / 0LDTimesHwXwXw]w] p  @n?" dd@  @@`` P<      Oh+'0 # px $ D P \ ht|'William Monroe Trotter Barrett SydnorTF107-127:Applications:Microsoft Office 98:Templates:Blank Presentation8Barrett Sydnort20rMicrosoft PowerPointMic@u,@ 2@cz0@d%2G!PICT! 8@@2 2HH )Tl)T2$ff}͙9B*JDM! A$ffm{2͙EjZ?$ffw Ł͙te=N\koC}$ffe6͙]s=$ffIQɐ"͙S B]B$ffJPB͙`0@!LF$ff}1͙02B  "jL$ffuNy͙.7w$ffk_͙c?w}$ffVh.͙>D$ff}v͙_?Ȗg$ff``0͙ d!i$ffO ͙3MDāU ;,$ff@z͙TJ@I. Dr$ff÷ _͙]v'o$ff2}͙_md$ffwn~͙rߥK$ff$h ͙"FP "$ffGINX͙%"Sp6dg$ffP&` &͙X?3,-i$ffDԤ@͙%q>dH,$ffN\<͙3=wnW=$ff}깵͙ {Kr$ff)[͙:Ytw$ffbg$͙Q 9ցSŐ:$ff*$H聙͙$FkL$ffqzل͙eJqRl|0dQ#ffӝ~͙^$ffW~͙_؅>$ff|͙N{;߁=$ff:]͙Znvݼmmg3$ffP ͙ SAA22$ff@q ͙t2 z S!$ffd,'͙,HTII$ffֹ͙Ƴ;k_4$ff{͙mK$ffɻ͙mڝ*$ff!}g͙ Ǥ"^ $ff@5 l͙@c@@ $ff 0Pн0͙Q"ā "$ffE$2͙ǂr`d a$ff~͙s$ff>῁͙X_ߍFj$ff>͙7/?$ffT,͙qiT.#$ff& EB0͙YJTQ$ffQ0H͙qaEXfff ffffffffff>ݙ ęn 3Mfffffffffffffffffw嫻ܙҙko8ff fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffzd}ܙ ܙc6)c ;Jffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffff/$ۙ ۙ ODfffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffff@, E%ۙ ڙfK0 `$Dffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffff ۙ ڙN@# IJ@Jfffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffff ffffffffT$Dڙ  ڙ F#  X@(2ffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffff>g]ڙ ۙߥt> #ffW聙͙mOƇ۷$ffϻw͙?-s$ffx͙ @AA $ffBl`A͙@nFl$ffZPB0͙pe@AV~fffffffffffH#D0Ըr@$Bfffff fffffffff1o g_ ;K?fffff fffffffff簸 zW cfffffffffffffff"ո9}N~ffffffffffff:@%!`$ff@*T͙! B $ffDT D͙PТ B!$ff7O͙y=n)n$ffw͙ɟN$ff5{Z͙ҁ};$ff͙_߾kn$ff4@*[͙˭AN9 Y$ff1 ͙%00B6$$ff $)ց͙+ #Ί 0$ffP͙rP#"$ff;͙Ml8$ff{͙ݿgSo$ff5;큙͙;zց$ffiSI͙vSRF$ff q ͙ jQ,$ffffffffffIDЙșEG&$@ffff @n?" dd@  @@`` !e      R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`rD GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`rD GF`rp@ pp? %O =rulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  Arrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement  }   ՜.+,D՜.+,@    'On-screen ShowyUniversity of KansaslioD  : TimesArialBlank Presentation"William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934The Early YearsA Family of ActivistsThe Guardian of BostonOpposed to Black LeadersBacklash in the MediaOpposed to White LeadersOpposed to White LeadersProtesting StereotypesThe Treaty of VersaillesThe Legacy of W.M. Trotter Bibliography  Fonts UsedDesign Template Slide Titles  6> _PID_GUID'AN{B8869800-9C43-11D8-854E-00306570E126}Opposed to White Leaders  Trotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices He was thrown out of the White House   Opposed to White Leaders  Trotter le{»EXҌF _F_Z3~lET(Jq'_R=upT[G ?VR+ ^ŏںѹڶrnSo )>x2~/w~ 7jk~̏  ?Z?kӖ_}`$gRnjtmNH Z\Ԥ.`hY!ЂRDMƸfi`Qj~UK_mi7^ۿ_\ /J43b)6l|억ieRNX 9sS7eoʆ5>W[}{0 ~nZydbcf}u3k<8Um&x'}׸O˸N}f {_T&vB_yC27%pR;>l9I`jOMWU?>Nm,S aX:̶R_2,ݸ:Wi_L#tC ݾ5ΓѦ>d/4'tW/^;coP=x eˡ|OsA_agF߱LgF~~k&},Q㋪xy?v|2)?5~~3~x~Rk-O31rͪ"D]e/_Ir>i{F -32ȑh q၇d{WuJb$%7=q!6X;k A1bd3ce5 @?֢ I<"$c"Vȩ['e=~+;%* tg-~4xLh_ ؂"ʒLLO4% ?iK-2he}i]jiDxL[8r1gOj oũiS^nM_XV3  !"#$%&'()*+,-./012456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~{*D#ca}AeFCo<-b8sne&.lw7 |_[[l1CKdŭTxuΥ K5C'|\fJComDݏ3gŢ$y,?J>Xl31@}tan|UCc6w"ei?ɒ >FWOԷÚf)~+.ucE,0yd-K6'.2饄ڜO_EܖϞt &>o8` Naݶ' +#ZU~xLVajԿË#[oc4mn@ofwdv%v5-K6>1qhve-9}' s㺼"/q}ɦS=56GݏjW/˵hqF\b8?b9A{t[{zָ25^1BK8ӭ&P5IVlR}&RE [HYpGsFOKuM7$̥G0Q'l{ܔ->?6&tg@囑Z`ZRwr NdP0L@P[ ?pR2ʄY[wַB@c"7)DsF0~r`rjc0s3_,#vK^A؝lνkQ`}nxX.YnV-"ASoTLF^ =ږͶsaiJ/Fb:3 B{E AhERC?0FA \#u īŦe2+oEY>js74fH–iXW%@J4E?}ZD`T#?wOվϰ=zѼsfOͳZ0m#ϲƎ!!8WДAOOM8F>Xd[ZO\Y+p+;FӰy 29$ jJn$?5޼Y.x^_UU,1 b+ iw2&.9wʒ_>^qjx *2LݹB/ǣt UxƸ zOkU6ulbq~]neEqs} p.FuzdTH6PImۥwŔugwqmo`r+WV bl# ԰X=u3覒9|Hn v nmJ7.pLS@o֘tvTR L!П~lvGEd a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices He was thrown out of the White House     Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versaille     ~Applied for a visa to travel to Versaille in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a chef on a ship     U             Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stmt)- ''   @  :    ,  _                   /sxHH(FG(HH(d'`  zH(  Hl H C P  Y  l H C t Y  B H s *f޽h ? ̙33rDZ?C\E( / 0LDTimesHwXwXw]w] p  @n?" dd@   R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{       !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~CN T&'tˌ’a0J&I~g#xAc#ﭾoͷdJCo @uql84a)Od0tg(/&Xh`De$P/i Q*۲.lP n?5ftt&~ŻĦi}V`Qu-uhoBv5bQ| 'QsF+64!`׌fnkgHmCcmQ|T% ݀c *[rc<ȣ,wo dWs5bӸExn 0l+c0}3 |#8R g6=s&0iՠD B(Gną{5i|}x!C?w2s; ,CuG8\[#~ 7>,8 .i\&O-e}gN5SV #{*)ިM|E@z1B+xPNG  IHDRX~sBITOPLTE۶mmmIII$$$sbKGDH IDATx]b*5: 6;IymñHڶ??????????Eg/~S17=WW_U(y2bNn@ŸP;mK~u8\>M4ǂg9~Z͢6t stߣ=k5еp#»4F(5 ovT{:r^1KN|\4 +i+3w<󷿜qhCVJs1.%z`<ތG Κ.9v1pSwUL:@m;ִXAm`U2ap^RCc;zYm+d ^*E;|=jG d:>Z-b<;d)- S~3WHyXzK'f_95eQqC 5VG3 d'==`,c9zB;*ʠnja^2WCc[]2I>[;wLD|n7Sb>}|^޹d sMŖlOfgS^kb/#} Ekb#(gگY_4gU\؊v=3=w` V;` $J.ZB#4i=e+c2hwzx^Mu쳕 `vyXų#2/50&c0G/]h<{ƿ9ȁhki&2!w'P/`BKBh^Mnj6H [%qy(@yzѢ/Cr̀e{NH1YS`79Ɣ =; vZc(ch <vK3x ḡ&u'ÓcT%*Jg^Xy@ xd՞}wN-kqk=j5s tR :PI8VҤ)m5}IH͘jCv?6 LT#9P߹ނ[,'bNph,37dO'5lvT}04fh'!Hho~$(6֡ڶ(Vg0K:f*'bnXg6< .gVsN׎0 +Ul؟Z(k,WDjgHd|JwxMCV61[`Uk |wʰ`d,K]TnߢkLN FڧߛN̍w%h#a`US|WuIwZ'NfZk>΀}0aZS{` lgյwV4sS?}}SMnB1'^nmfox;OW 5sm? a Uf:`VewX'ZcXpg5V*&A*wt:q75~/5@Hj 1oKuXYVվ3?V3 JwFilf΍|ʅc}mĠNڣ@2krjcNu2]j X5֌<'*icEU5rflj\kkX-ug\k/IOF"t_ty7g:݄V-`gMn:dH|6`4|7V+OP4V/]--~Xj;wC?:jcV5c;#&?p7jUzE>^ Hᦍ?X~)5 \7 _X/ TA:X#qNTDnŴOccts10N߶Tׁu6nq ,+Utɪip3`]fz`o5JTƪ^!`&Ϯ4:7ҙwuѾs`u6"+(~ 5Vǚ7̜˫B uL,)Xg[:|%`u|z*lr66evs`+f\zXs:wõt Ko^%g?Xf4݈wi{o?2a{R%,ܭ'IpmpK`r;}(k?X' I(xcr3vCFB|,}b2mUloOŽq=_Vennf`q[j*ҵ}IZ×F lt.azn Q%M` O]#ne/{J[5,1-o$޶UX(-i:*cE bs YypE.8Ɂ!rɪV B{ʍzFρc:KZNj?ݕ6'p+/3`Ue ^aHnkNSX}X~~'Ҽ\N/S;05EIr^x#2bX5aWSa=,ѯK` {?7 <Zc]T8(%qMxؒP"Ni3tA!.rFD /VL̆6V~L[{%re8;IE?@O1Bc*-; ZSLW ar_C 3i9]SrбRGs`]J {ӵSj+0lф5XCv镻6։+o|Fds-˖} і]Y6&$#h=YX:`UKOgQj=#`+>]5陫ӹC􃊳"27 ZQ9i.ֱUِ V,jӨu%$-muJ 罡^~+ݞr=&Ӱΰ%1͎ >Wgji3&l,=e?PVBtVjr/k,4(H{| XvJI3 nZVe&F6_@)UW :; N*鵻U>'kGԎ@TZM,cMC,j`i3fdT^Ϟ 4`o٪p+wCvH ~T8&wk˶ [` }x , T84XקtܗSkg9C`lrvŽ mDI~^آƪeeS`[R?JܤXl)o]`Uk!XF' w^^kVZo#`Jr 27'k)ĪlkF,O=N+ձ9S`֌633ޏBv52<V,sy_V'A#Y+Gl#Wu=^My X8H˺u8ȟ&%a:épX3j X՛҅\Jb`+`;W'McI~Lh3[:ZҘG=̍^w`p-ک=Ȕ`e~Vm,5/S׭5_7Wq[ڪṔ9wpesfXDj;7pPu)É2HW\u inZco5wz邉NKt3rW2|nw0V% I2|X]wN:Aڎ+kTr3y>7eYXN7OОkaD7~WI,u"#k>4PрCgtǀhvC&{\wC` X'@f>~%'k? ~Dc5Ϥw暾7jV:O6LY Nf7L]3ez`]{^yJȍ3zkξҏ5u7́5cm*9s`THDi]S o~]5KG1_W%9 X{:ޣz掜X7MyEFK@MG< WJ[(lVOO yOw:_$y+.g9X~Uay$/P{S4v+,iw3'MUa}铌~o(%K^ƚ|v*,6@s _+5JcMSՍXȏ52Ǹ?5 XgSV0@׀uopY`USKmҪH2,=w_ް>7u`4@xo4FzXGJ3Kz_t:(񎀤X5qvDs`] [`Id+ X,+ƭkW|Y8Sܜ};Uy^|98:7كT0CW,m&x6i,3M_+e(XT(ۈN;x(ȩvh n]**-;W"!|z2 Iwõ>iuى2os*8V-Xw41i&.dy\\Mj<0O_i^4;^v7|AJRFDyXnPls%ZsXS z.Woh0*`5,XTw79;dnWŶZ!)&6X A]>w :eGw 1Vtx kF2sVwZgKRnZEsAXc*߮wjLcD\rRR`UCp ,Ǒ%'{MW ˸*%ֹϺT {ڛ_sh8U7f6 `U5N{$VCdU9mi#Hq\R33SvƶRQ XISui,!Ci<=wV=ǒtYKkXB`[ >snl4vMuJUTϱ ,|8{'vaȽ 35fn-tr2f3`y}dM?Wx> {K*'XXn X+ACz ,SOZ11˲3/F:?7]~Yݕ(ŖKi¢]U+支FHc uC>f{YXӕfhJl%^Y]?ٹq[̗TAqMjK a,ㅚ JP{8ڒ>+=zF#>%܍VeK0&pȊܹȗ QF[?sy+Yt.)Ç,8msvVf(zNVN1&gƻljwX¯ɛ=}:֤,­@,VyW3O\ ꑕuVAo;]VSh}RiiR즽Ċ*nuuj!1Ak-/9Oo!hMժbcbOp5ߦ.dMԮ/XY>;W 9? 7]ozH* -$[Totw'{:+ΘX<6;`?Hmp-?oэ)?&_Z;u?~:=oڟw).>/ǨXG}%Ə K{/LQ,TlDIU)nP7GJt؞sZh:SS-,z XʨLڈq{t*ҥaTLEE\2/t<1ۛrTH[̝ts7Zo/os,rt'D3՘jL02s`3咩3`5n53`AuNzngIj>8nn2 IGʠ Vr裧@W<u4^NF_^.u;`&,tv lb8YҘ!A9yWɏxV?Dpzuގ?eu%et6ǭ́ubk\|*w#bR3[95l*@*qUtOkР8k{y[v"75]f6< S*Ľvx ɭ̲kF IDAT{OXM5BǹM`%W謝TMˬN׶|*nGRR3`^i;Aq5VggЫ˸4e.Qk, K>`2b2ρp^z:XgXK6^P5! B`bwO9XI~XUmAg6XnڟjdXyu1o혈rjaؿgU-m[`nVwyaU LcMᲶFRWTnr_Vy>XzX%ۍ8.XKN9KX_^!SgGec٫vO=‘u*\XuGcs: LO0fҠ@VmWީKbHww΁^Z=g䁻]6"g'ZQGw|[uLtu hb`=2!+ )FZ%+u?WR=~Ug(6PfO3:w7m7 .X>X?ֻ5Yϒe\ƕ򪍵͗aX֡=g~ XT*H- icmUxg*4`yR*x\|EC{abudce+a׹ ^r:<.\˕2"oJ~,qKОVJy!ꫡ^F uܡ͌XvD+ ^B0c0x+Pi=/4ZLg Hs<S(G'f_6zhԛc GZ+<$ecQ\#`WD>M @&%6/|g)BY*) AZfJ~;~ XwS]S J8nF>nalQք.d5"27rYܘ$a:?֦?ȡY^QIjԠ^^:VmN]k`|s`Cj罚LF>\Mh*di0YTy-7B\UZ{'rVuy*\ցe"f֪p}jTKa\]0u\l( Ro.fe~PKGsk*++`8HWUv 3߯Z`P`U^Lc݄>!V8[̧j[,^ff+SXSVLcw7]2 X+nFGn=ػ»S6.?VM8@Ng_0f8}p ,6VX0?% ܬ5zXܤgzv?X#`MgSa>֭_X:CZ\ɿs!G|V3mV]-JcלD1Զ\%9]ܔ܋:W}PiVӮm]jmo?H[O)X' YR)Qt~yG0}7hL=_XrBX;ߞAwLŨhR:嵭U駷)nzMԃI :c{V;\mAeǪv@+sJV'% oJtJN/6ϱlF6z+3=8 ,G XhsRK{`gm(e>#} v)oFOn5\w`-Eףkb<֊^C`ǞjpUM5$h8Srk0,kF=96+Xr\½ Ql,jҪ͜5婐"#i7c ?/ aKpTNy'%mgqen}5ػ9KeU#}Lmjh݇ZXSڽی o:}h' XT^AmkLq{`XTP|ʑS[mяdU8tdim 1hޣޤbOx}h+7 g#Wvto)π഑>5hFcY}'ߎL єR G}2S&ok6kx}5R.-B- oLoé0/ ?֙nWXybl,iV`tV)^͉YX] f*]ppPOw}- =KάT+gCR,'}+c1Rez154`u'cތpcSql<f nz'}HRVA{0:ĞA .BT?t;_\+8RC]D3Y`1\Y7GBWCRR[:g޶W&q:֋W{]C>N/TV!4kہ}3Jn-cTzl" ?,*yDtwgq /-^r Zyġ7ʹAAp!Z~tܵA+=V* PV,f`>uRkh; 7Hkzɻ+XZ`\w) n8̓-8rڲ=XHw8rO:&J0W%7aWKa}`QBfݗ wVzf:y|ؙA:u,fScMe9#ڟ W\q s`yk"F2?S5U Xg6ٍ pLֈi4Fg;˭AY;Hz 8Bun{*q Uhh-g<ӨUk/IsI=8zUeNWFuK_ &Ua:u=p`Bs0W_}gakSKj8&Jo6qu Q˨ԒשgoVe|Xٕ)< OBϓL=O`kEl{(4F+S]~+t]E,j}ʱ2Vc'XSFkMmy.¿Zf2i``ci[©l xWcG6^րUS$xf?6^ժ0 j|/oywjmw\^0Hn`y?s7t璍2?֘8*g3N :}~ܰ+w|jUb{-7I9ɮwwRד"| &luZa$k'R I"]2MRc'77kfc=?O Sw6`UxGzZV {cRh`;BM:h iZ>V0^ܕ(mvrLN՝hXKc3 o,Sl9HrlcLT1 kXXl*l:a6)!Xprt61J 22 )h4_ޝS~㩣_ 04wZKwCcKc-Z`UMA3vSžn=`[MvPPcMl} '~^.5mR|7j%9XiԲ36pN ZzV՟~ ՑBQ5vkxc=d*nOlֻT:V޲kIc}XdΌM8MɁg F&X閵Czy3Vp[{FN:`UCp X-#j4m?8]?X-kBjK `:SaESo[ycwRx/ )h˦^n!;Aj*B,:jvڝ 16r,a(*i;hM}XﵱPc$VWlAzbt!UEں :Ƌ<XP=͈ m:BU*,;1D.2V 9΂m*dx?hKҼJni֜t4C1w[ %?d'WiT$9];{N(MmۢcxDC3s W)ml۞UW-ogEe &f%wF(Z!+VZ$~j,褝phZS1V ZLNjM-]ѐ'Gp\׌v5L۞xc:+{Bt쪯COx펍uwńʺh50zAe:ӍM'̮VB}YM\6S&7Yc1E$'e!cRn͔NE$4"j.Rvi~18p8Xqg<Xw%)BR] nrG'_. ?y<}SXOĨu'X ݲon|[rpśܕ5_{5Uϟ _ɺD<yp@lz]?I {;`q_,Feq+Q_-_ G;oOA~:ˏ/I(;+81K@@S%If? Su?oX7"? 0:AShTIp%?SGG=[z&ë;Ei| [*+SM~B8ءv4}*"_֗1:y&vf߼{2;-?#W|Vkvk <~Y4K_O{06r>[5OV^~7o-߿Oe&~.gަ%? oldkyE$NE?8JT䴁\$Xz2]S*I_*􉛖a^=bjM&ܫkEߝ+>< }WŝXUBɢk]TɏQۧ,{y3޴Qyo*tĻ +eKO:ǹ_d\=.V-'gtsl+[O>,c;oedPF޻ͷ<9$%1TX[e)5 wN+8G<(Y֞_ɦBWz|1 * pܔVo?.oj4r[EWnr„ RdAk/בxn>DEňHFED-5Ⱦ#OujŠ\&Si)YE9Ā?B洙kȥи~lAؘ6U}qia}̱402?Y{wb;Ƶ#{}̌-ˡJ}*S(hR<{.Ҍ4kBɣ孴vzjx;5 b ޅpYgh2J*`ߏyr)Gd;i&1ǠY{M U jsp'V'װKvgp F_黝"U 0'XQ=|Lq66y'y\ֱw&vy{q`ACF=H)/\*TцʹN&# , GEj閖h [ Z w=`OF܎wR.SPb)†oNUi>}%wS0yoJx>Va,z pC%FĐYFLkAQWr0%z!8O; O Xa{im,( I2~MC 1)Im!z(t9}ad69Z{<yre,4COޚop3(gl4*k eiFmJuXt{Sc1fb$ƲHx*̣%ıSyf$Uޞ .XБ3<ߑ xZ;9DC\衡;~:lR0}hC*tj:^5:O<4,"-:tP[7g ̮ + 0tmJx IkT5f`1U5h+m4VZZ>LZ!љSdNڢ 8QQC#} sfkk%"tC" c>ɖH/]Oo*މeCȉqx`WO8 f>L1R/]a)v|خ1d IDATOM~9hVLoZdX5ZCMNf'Mt6 1'z~#<%lzF81YCR?1*ui/38iէ'*fjǿ,?!d_duq7pQCM#2ty*t˰뽨eo :NƗ "}Ei/].<ԹƔ,v{Bw9j Ȯl[7ubדNuf|$`6AGcR3Ě8YTHILC dp3X.Fٞ8aVgb,nc.jߡ# L虦c=SI;'9x7@]yˏw=jǑ2!t*&C|?}e3bu+21OwHg.j/1 H CPGD m}/$&;MtDQEε@ ` x $yj75#;{9RI`y}0˪Y/EFM)+!=q=utǕ_},) -[†g4w`L]fdPK| a F6f2A[ Q#}f4KR^^!G 8.9.B;(4ڋj"uSZ@C P'|Xϫ ~/U\ ^"UZ NїMopڈKDCty IˡT6Ezҧ;L>d8/P8Ēlc_x&j^b$EQ1e@2&=&&E_2^ MJE+L- )L4%=vTf2XilFWas4+hDKƚDpGL&d4IDL @M)NHש2>8w&I?;x~ ʼnV&Ui:PB" I,1)ߑ8Tͻ# o@eZyVu0%7z{0R1 ^3_eTO:ynR<@4̂ c+:EAzB{/:Znc"`R k!KvK'$п$g1`4$Up@irhqq 0d>F齣ɌJ:{Lt@^KdH.q,S:I$ǫ0uVr5SdyQZ=֕U8:KjKi8}ƕ! hr~3Mg.N6`˥Y(8| `Kۣ"@L+,UӓS+*c=6jt| , 5bYQ L>>zTTz!q/igdfoB@5ի#=>I`ZN,-hE~ WFJnr-o Nۃ-}( 2ĥ"ئ9uYj[SAK7F:XDt#L~R"A33܄<4U(vfqEdfpG-nV>NW,_>DDʮ c8@uNsD9ڷI[:,nZaF$ 㫬oZeRE?-g\ j K:S ;@RFv?/1_@@rW35x̦Ӳhͦď/_)z-= n8oLzVXjhCJrhyG+oIѮ71NY)șS_x욃;nz3S* SO,O6ؓ MQfY9[Ϋœ7¡d.4%am_ IlSRD+@2v0c"=9d&aܜN}!2)[YL{#!FHT>L ReCxG'w#a?:tgYJEݎi/{Vpme _i*R@HrPK$'9vT$SJF^/1i)|bXNB31hhXqWFߘEC&M+y(3NeJp~ull鱠)6M\^ҕye 3mh#%&vMD= 03!3Gl?/#cAq8Q0Ist =0W9a6Ͻg>9GEDhI;b;)i5YG2&wTlFWE98W "%QbR%1Iӆ#Ip̢ip 'dJ[p"X',BR ω.ljJ jVf 0U F.s r ,P{rD"M 7X)fn00@qb0 y-+ĨXU%1(~*3$)a,8di+ FsI*E]7  Sx)\.8:Ca!d' QZK$bzDnYD9;S9pF-^JT F\X'sK4 p'6cDc1 Sc /DTK>O GY?֨WNm to|K)3h#e[{tbIGը#;vQhN|cZ[> YcIl)|VP%nV(Z ߽<@7Ta:MoP 猔┒[ʅUٛF:Xx.R>*MkĴmT{ ,j,~5Z}JWTk?u۳VHb*kWINiǛA:Dq }9W]0cR!>H&bEl _?.Om`P'57]*z;nsqH162L 0Yqs޿y+ksăcE#A8*]^KPmœ&/Qtc^l#qSk*]ߐY5WF<> _D|Mfx1o,;OX{(L'<"`Z`&%#Q0iO8J-|j&M7z;X}VlV]gAV}SA7zejY`_1c]%!6ںy:Ԋ 8yM>9CЃݒb#_;DIuԫ)(C+'*n>W*-ɀnvPF4yf8#,ƕ2#V8RWHMf9XqBz'\a`4"sY>kG$59fd)_C{8.S3':"?zhjB}r23qxw$25&YHHG䖓66L`F=^)۲A"apTT$:0)^Rv)\?A[nUd٘ BEM6F-(؄YI|crW27.|#lޜxrdq ,݄|u6k14,1OHuk`F~&h˚Ri$V)ru7eu1Dv~[ zylnw p^ƅcX ;R7 ×vj9*ct%2\L2 R$$ Zy!qԁoew ,V:ba-p1,E$'i*$D9”wFɔN_]hz2@a6=D?I"TC\M$j }(}}md0Ta61&OI yX*<3ͧ"9RK ϲ'eR+l·ŶP(Pv$`y $ GXuj*DEcrR,'֍¹, l#NE a2Rf#[ ,R*^+j`yyiFs b@u(R*:\n>:+rx,OQP"<`e-ML,4Cx',KLޝ* F*^^}i jSX2"Bo!ɈyeY )e<[I\M[(a*sNoegXQ/M22MJf`4*[RRJo X\RؘjRcX%-#:tAJMu2nZB}vRɋXrL pHJ9hQclό%K~Cv#RI9EDN@6#/氨/#T$ .y Z 7Dr.g c4\u1}ň|L_3Β{5,rW`H=l,$6ܕl"T|Xyv-JhO<-BfkEܔIJ.J 5JOEl(:JF\VJpSgJᤔہt&ϔݠYQ@!ʸaxU!^,%͐e86nۜvo|~yL7tm[D ۅ5ퟔϷ? '0NVB5zKXTt"oO?ߔ ppk9249R[Dޱ* l~AqaNŃ cɰNt;R){YS}m[ &?W_Xf/tEzmlހOwc m \^>$\,xyMC\ު$4"BifJʵ,og7[tϚMʊˤoI$c.fbp){Ag%U`>*Ht!&Se:݊ Ok*HV,Ӝ*~ ݺT"Jy2)bܖ5l5„Ͷ'Jl༐EW7pi,Jej/)CyWlU2)HQWეoDCEʉI;WO {W/;[ Už+*rRI7Κµ?#2ޱx|%b8+ldnW~Jلh%ÞEVr^mJL\;1C9fѻYoYUmVr1YY4E[p(.Iw!DHy3eǶ1)%I躲 B8 )`6ф$bg{NDʥ~xV؃&IL̄S-B_aP:3k2u5 ;[p| sB. jy ׁP 6Y)3"?赐ZsZH|ޒmh R0Oy eq+%wHbuPzoG+8]{j@\ˌ N+ f5~@B IDAT/M*=414gr̥[)`d+`!u|.9`8l_=?jǤ$6/<.όxRW Y< - g^b2?+IJ4\e.~R3LkD 5EXg!ւSD\M>\y7)`Щ@qs,.Qj(m[ L#Ockh`Mz2\:&Dzу7@W K5_wMd\CztB҈J[ȒCMSϽ wsoM%HhrPN ZX) vN(QO[>?)57wJG :@-W:ޖ*R^ (7U ~!@a cqeRS!-ʅ,Z Wz;g|CE^YL^T:l4Tci0EY(<+A7GNZamPVN\2"6X TPPk/X9!AV # mp1DIɤ9;I oEzjJM@nj~ f>\OXRwN]l馤B(g~!NpBU2c?ql99%Efn#F&k8'9\$6y3RepVmej{Wq&DUӟIzrXH3j'ÎXx UlkWA{ft%S!`ZCUxSUp# #sIQ },t(PNeپ\*/D>LujoLzuIȳLE:V rpSG%8Ɏꈌt8X'&cfr!#L'0D'[eaT#b*EZ@},xa80(ڑ;^YZZ]2x0% "Pfy&F}C 픠c=ssvDݭu L\J+~&$?IiN]2iwLGmlC]Tq+7wb%7wXEuwBOr}.RZy?X{ޘ"}X %HXG1wA״G>&Lk}@&4"\%=G9>Ft.)JLғtNA꩹yړ$?d[RtX+)1dHzL|2Uƀ}D9b#t b.gʁs[Y0oqdK!SEp!{&.W4t(L$b<; q yc0f!q`qFIzޏ+?]c)JbKRA}e*E.l-Gx$< :K "wHn2E2˭{b[ 9 g:s/_PL~ -RA|XA9T{@ &TMcq-l]p|rA`g\z虢qڲvu\jڶHZ"K^72?čgj! =`ck"אKb^⹏ӨtAa(0Ngz|3|,6y2n胞s(9 5)0C9 ٽpM+D_!WDLEؘQP&w!6qaŜvpvFɋ{JJOSg/"Y3W2^43U7 VܶpJu_X|S\r~fЅBud>:+#UTM#g6=,*UN>Dji.@)A68m'&i:e2k6B8Gik2d1YTqjSFpsgʝ͛.sMN'Z98K3.5/vSR0 W" N~"R36,JTM RV DxI~';ؔQ'FO"QDK!1RL2!e%>h 젾Ycvm3+p"b39 Cj$'=.9Z^|F#n}e*R XlRZN2a~> Iv`V[A_-m&Ofa Rhw^ɪӯq)Td `"Ѥ=襴GpN!U$R3LǑRԒȭT=d /y?8S$aӥ,`o aoukvTv 񗚛WwK7.eBAfm%bШvKI(pE{(P9f8,lvH;]Fr.c }9߲j?j慏- 6t ģI7V™ z'R_@Sl)Q1)⏥wF}Zh[ ut(X `q{oD>Dė'u'B@('^f)ds_0|, 0)Qƣ. |qa`f Om,]rbp~5ܡoJkOh[fj!9585,% G}}BYZ]tMs@u/:`$ӢmtIC5x2+C8vӰҶ`+nrBk:",l'R@)k">'Su1-B Rc,L0*`q=dXe.2'`%m6J*V"E@#Ć9!cQb`4J /gJ1>Ho!{U=<4#,0q"SRM{Uzf ʹÑ.<dPqtDyDd0 ,bP(C0CSy4L2{2A&r'1&M0/?Bj%-^l UP]CX ƱK)Xk~ v .*ÍHInFE]OriÉ03o)lPFXt93{JtS.Z7mͫVZ[nLvY+RӲ-ꓝ*4 .k! @u[ϰO"[t"9Ae-|.1qj T/vr1FJd'w:4ZA?ORg"ں09'~8Egٕw#y3P Vy6 +; k˦"BlbK'?æRn<5ߩbJhX^`]wɚQΛ9ZB 5ɻ˅"U X˖b[!]MQaQq ~CE;¹(Ҍ@ps؅w>!Ĕ]2z^?xO|G$h1d&,vs'c2ͥHڠEpK`"ÖTཨ Lĝ |2 ps"zk7d;'8VX>7)m`v|ر9,qU6 ex bxj[*(,wӝ|ZJ-GgjկAhDҦ&ef-")@Iu@_7d["29&jptgxQ%5"3ehjVsRHz4&!vk1֮ӈ7X%wde-xOHU<9<[˰a)1 #Ԑ(-3'H)rZHz^B|,*x) vk#clL)Fo 8W(/[_[\)LF^DEJEu\ F.Eg&wn% ,8٥cN7P$v&m?Bb^Zc둫؀(iXԺLqeetDJbPs eV(DD90^scBkg61{)jƜDUIC<<lKG#;~(QB'yuȯRq I? R FAX~+?YI&i%=v'B"W3gs4S7*M).Hml>兣DȀ/zp84fLj3 j(<5 (Z+JVdcS**U F|9 LYf׀<.?ۺgw8-AAi7ܖ/Ǵ+RB#`nDk_Y)z !4xO7-YW3:ɞ9./d Sr3~Mp*2A?6e4Jܜ(YI8 1%ΉǮ뎍/AAv[j>aעNj:!p O)Ik ۡL?M : !""ɕPB9J)ז^`B +mJLiD|4\ol_ _lpM mg˓È g2, ֡'1rPFXQ4`I 7ҝJegwAeQ(4jW\t@SNu . Ĥ;ⱳSRky X6=ꎲGÃaS}kvu<睗}yt/Tq垨_,-̗q[+sSO6Y}$(U1k2|-CЅWB`?s&I"ޟ\193ލeon}`Y.rKۈάs_eK2XHhr=>S?OFf][Yʰ|\=\2=0H?syrM Y.JB(qғ%~p*v2@r9ɢCÜqa@NGDb]?P-YMiC"5aO;vNO{ ]b:V? xI6i{]6(L-X9l,[JԬ`9"3\4:D1VϿAeUXj9!ӗר IDAT0&~ GiY[n S>bHzzV| {u֮Bn3a ],$/ep2,1V⣒F@zkm3I%u` :z ¢r61*7psLg}$ ce2R?/F$B|v^wy׵>5Q0J1À<2\ltւ 8J2Ly+TЃ[C]ZlרB5Yp16±qӃ  ^dh^+!$Jg\!v eT. 3"=G3D>.i섣aavmxV~6.Z>ɱntZ2,-{g7 uӁ]AVwǫU2 GuLNd;B |M?S# zH%f2:ŖŷSܰhbL^M^bICD 8P(!zAh~m'u]d:,hk6/Yyݔ\zEN/oV&|q4z,pFv}%4IC380oVNE/\ %p{q2EDn\Xy(,a@Rh6J 1_}\B8`~-x~k[|omlMl7٫C|0za?A-M)t`?RapZk~}j9@r\ϋŶ}(YެWb{1Vw.+V_`Y|k*xڬL}uIJ@$UX3étJJbQ5-IkJd:cȞj+XUO|PV4^C}:~yeyl&Q9{_ycD[6hf^AƪJ\M)F8 W~2Ig$soH%8qĔvSEiH֦&Xʚ/GJ 4 pV80@qp'8aHY-3ǀk[ Z$[VJ.Ӈ#nW*:. _ -9ڵC&eCܧ!H"\pEW\HIˡh ;*7P 6f| |%R0TMffJq[H@q勯أҋ%м1GQ[D@ڎ[xw4A2vVA4IQ9φ[%2QQ9/gE2ۢؕJ#DV.r?^U\<;ūF뻸8T1QƉ_3"W kj r]"d^E]B*dA>,e}y8wlFwYCʲ]/TK"ÂY:׭m =>aץ#)N$Xh3"jG va[̤(R昺a1(WĿnhp߷kda>OܸJ(FЗgp.t7a9 ?}MhK>ED_CldXbiXh ,]|,.z(xp0Oβ39hs ^ҳkXs,hMwԉ (.2nͰgpyZ_aG7%R}Ծ{_)%9փ{G{VBGoQv!hC~NS#ZKPI(#l(bvT;<׳&{ Ljy}C%Jm;#:.|]6 /$W嬨aqv:_x63 Ӗ՜앚tt)bv '^6 Ip kЛeܕ\Rulfz8%ףaUtn$ X%av*'J}& +i lI@e.+Ub"ǭ Ly=#Qx0̴/Da]~]?V* JH4GQJɌ I kV,Ps[6!$uuRؐiP$5D)cɖZt=@d*-@{Ha bKv&9GEjX2u  ~H7hvhN8yCv'O0ae~ue!*r1N=4̰B7,b9Np%ztQ5,qٴSo&]}h&~g@j 2X; 4c-YqI S &FEd2Q*NPD2YIG\ӌʰr=y*\hNАnMluHb.W܈oq`X;#ܰvnۭj%N:2{Vz'QV]''Z 7,8]-5rKܘyUR0mR7Opè&%hxk^h S@ Yl) +BA"q&a5j d5|b LdXż6Tb+,O-ہ eT$op5eXؔ^.qn&dΰWnt*.KrL&п($sh݄`<ɶ8dgs3p X죰@AkLdmax2O91lJyӳMf^_eܹ2>Yv$ CG[?UI$z92Fp,l'* JmEI$1 Nc y ][&]V (>mÓð^sYaoA3CE;wUE*4JeRbj Xް~?/{=mHf,%+hǒv|Wɏl1MúT]_\b:ĉ{U#_f0db+CB_SR82-6km#<˅aTMɮE Տ\TjKuD" Hv;S%OأLj- `'FtQ3Aʒ}>asctQ58KlQ^w%Ȼ(5JPQ}2LEO,$ tx 宏qaX^JI{܊ D4EdIbuQ{cC:9+PE%ȑYԳi|~5aAJo5 +c eD72JznQt37L 9\җ79@5aB ^rۂ';)DHzUX;68{hgxyաF)N1$INCͰ y+J# daGZ%"Sxet_u^F`b La@V)3 -i'X:%W~T} 7,C=c!vdYFÚV{tFqŌ)/0a^cXQO~'K9yG Hl6ɼ9I44mda\+拊`85 -Fi _NSLF-Ղڠ6k'x5.mP~8Zu\Vl8.-ulH XzdXPD) ]_|ݰ~ ˸'jWpK EH_r.47gZa;PjI"1|C5̟ B *̻"hV#z#@X&͚6TSPEU&$ڊC.܍OOUel_ǹ&\&x枲ǿ6\C2D#yUkt K1|$pq'c^|=@l7bue% ,n$q4,ܰN1b "^ƃ e]>1{bD.aKYsR\`0w|Eѡ949oɔ] LY(~ %;yɀeN\LFîGZj'Y+p +83&.>x2,`\|bXVkAȃ X(Wh٠ Ѱ%>Q*ǯ " = P@څĀbz]|R2{:f"#Og~)`&e.`le~#9Ұ$%)dW]^4a`3.PjJS/H}t+B7MZΨ\*8iazf62c{wXtkI W,>Oyt~{'dSFsSZ ]tTWvOrA+6^JT CFY'IуXA͂p ->1\k:ŗ IDATD}jymӆ|e"~~v"xŭ$DyJH0/lް0/f;Ұ4 B&mIlo,Hj0Kkg_<`XӆѰV%vк 9TXw>MX%P] mhQ|}q_RzoJM%59K|D|5OUePe"` kd6t*xk*0́X]x,v̲tykͰRPvHB/F8 :yBaZ<(:8i_( *f gLAQ)& ܿ݁MD6IPUlEF}ėb:k^b EЍ:*A5,1,k;*k熥px &!gu âCWH xS9@FdXİqݚ+ҝsE^cS!*Xl̩qvjjM޶N kVic.ƶÅ5_`h UT\*w@6]!lG(*2f5Hk6" hOR:8)j-^JXeG8dͣM6*6bR>%r `4.*&r-W$yL4I|oJe vvr+^WXT٘n9aZ7Sa]5CB`=.P4]ӸpO=n/\Ce3n15Nbc{?>fXo=W>Rť㟣Av-;֣_*VcrQ;_N?޵X:_k7{d<;tjsl͚)tRm zp}=3-_O>Sn\? (Fl%Am=?|6O eZO48?nx2snS3(ƉqRfxn34gb:pV;yT=o`"&:,Y1{W -$g{,֙IB/Pue|)Jă!;b9Ӌh*'%1eGQLۇOB3VXW!0 ϐZYaT hvHx>2zg|(E0i HVqw-*$ؾ} c";1 hx yHssP3Kjvx*sFUkU$#-.TWB@:hZ2Dz L]MV'XIԅ4Bmzp+ca יBP8UE$s%pʛ(MXe5E"hR&N`J@LRPFj2[Ѥl'$҇(teАw2 ft+%T <Xr_Շj #q¤!Ӛ3% u5GLƄޗOwX7a8#c 4V \1H"ˆ0#+H0dh\S@{A`әqh^ +!", f34cЩȽ_&nXww[H*/fU4FK"ePI$GMZݮrbz~͕U- m|E_P)xlڻ/ZŶ3"~eA0T;bXoJx}~l!1 J7*ӗ]jߤZļGj 'ƈ2δJua0fphՊyu-)(\¼RV5En4yuzPUB/֝0]>$C*;& ΂Lc9+V.鞦>aebVufCS]bB%Y7z :|Ok͒_$.W .-Iϭc?J/P Ȫ f,;扑Ta@Ex BoL ðpqVل7Ҵ *p ESHU`5vj{[7œ?y}[N\@eӌ"&I'wb}b%Z7:]Wٰ$ $Lы#8w] +\9ۼof4Ҹ x߅|j}xOF_]뢬R3OϐXJjm)dLq$J]ojJ}%Ê/{xH&|$լiSPg\1鏴8GTagkqϿ?lXohc=}ka}i:omy9SL{av S)b?>΄\ }hXg?9W{,㢠:o9%l_6,k7PiͰfmgd nжn2C8_P BfM)`ܪUi ?q6`he)~$\q8@4(\ >Zxpofi"\_S=OZ̋;tqA l)ab(2$Mb5[)(N'b9b=(HL)h8I)\#H8[1- 78(G(Rv*DꚺR-R0,ׯ\*O%U3$"- MUtf!6 wyϫTDžN̋>dX]Ԇ+&`ݰLƘ'-Nhݫ^v۰Zn*ScBw%j2O] 1LDX&Tu/i,/H`J`9+T-|GoԴ uQya]U4nXRkX|*`:TF~bvq|鿷Ϗ^ e1=/?K*0LPEֲ<\tyILW$΀tAϧc *}} Tb뽺?<5KkL2Oi w{/0ߡτIWTȆiZNkuF.}ScZP6:&!ϸg ݰtX"-lV$D hkF/<K H=nXٔcw͔lbͳc}l*NlX3(Bē9aIuiTbMTte&B%5@qBI(& #BcuP4Rv/z|; Q~[WΕl(rizII4hD6ءV2)NͣpyxfL,6Xyp55tm U0ZJ.tH'݂d#94Ο(vb;B<[%?@f`2c30lW!Dׄo$-p]8Q8]0-T[jc8.6j~u\;>~ kx>i)=$41PK"yjFI0q3 O%(dG%/J`|ʉId*#AŘFϋ:hJxі<=(_E7'sN:d/(lT1b9+0$B#Ѩ^@IȔ<׭T^SY\sӰ"Za}ywеD-[W6 z._+q"ޞf&6M⽂4 Er ȱp[/L/W%,yIzZNgIv0 VI:e@H >̳% )b*mTZT8|6 MAe+H&wLj9SGy7IS"KwdŗASmN0wwBbϱӅRBu07(z\#U-iYE=DoljC։P@N)xD41<@-w2dםaJ_Qpm)bͲ *mE_ кxZ>A)nIDJjDh_#:Ƥ;3hxR #pvڰ|-Bv&â4ԃDzްi>[=J،|lH^&oY+aNxcɰʙ0&2]Su\vXȰ@[5 m#h6c M\jɭ|V ]xDց' NDG!$~_ ԧZ֤`b[xۘ3pDlLbHDۉ1Pci{ $Խ|3lRnX9}<ְЫد9iECKQNNFM3S=6ۤJ3m*)IJ2CYj){ />Qؼtw4Zq:g CAVpYC`iFYH[LZK n@y(i&ҁVtI&Z5M&D;ujirn5} 7b$WX Mm%5f"?V.y2aߗafXry`XygXbÚ0geFREA%`=_wfBnhp5%axg Zus8+Eg[OQ %(br2TBξNw;dXEuJMOkB]6?zUTx -/73[? z9S"ܑu(LĂf,3;<֟ɬԚP ?3YeBC8;oCt'5^~hTV c%( oj˵5M{8YN?nWxn%mw˺k'=~wM_n/,?y#c鼽}l->V Y$`|41sa2E(8&GXe /P O/ "BJp Nr6t LAO0Enta[X ~C 2b9>\wGRLj"kE3sISa!H 6]^zxqrzf}U2U ugքSc;XlrDieCzHj)D )U.v0(;(9LOTҚ,*unh6Gw&)'务 Q-ӭaRY"8+4Q`SR IF rc@v;fƤ-:i^ nSM !o%5X= R`Ƞک!7?NOZX6[dDXD Wa 0Y4,%"fX%x|k&AHoVfq8nEP!}8/t.T!ߞ+֋4Sk?lO$J`=JEk:5('c1$ IDATVO)lw c% .AjhbT^<[neT*z6wl0;Aܸ]fÂY M%w]J(XW}.xjl醙/dbkmog|D8Rp ^o<1 ru XWde5_X#H@rBp) CE6+ADlA`XVCr//Zf| ДGs5(.S!-~^aw& q a]S v;}G%9[cnFr;~K>hXC0կv:Hg8T뷨[fR^Z+t%7~ADPɹg%4 H96-ϑU63bcq62Vy|ͧ=y>e`"κ6ֱ]monk_]8Kw=9 "74W^HQ$Iʶ]: )^&օ  ;طցLLip5 1W+\6@FrEW"{ &_7[Xf8,M/_wFJu1CQa+:״/W| C?yؑ+ϧA9l, m8wn^/ {3P/:kɠMAɔKјkKj.b~atS}HJڰe]abgMnU~˽]V,elw&{m"*/Vs~ ݦ'X&o,ql+sh5MZ{4Qc].hQ^eXIiS@!hG) Ñ29,dkH/0޴˯  g``eKDž~p.A4nCJvWonjTѾ&I^6h|IO^j*@EXrYj5ٶvͯ$d#1JLWPU ~'0@W$\׸s7R%S.&n@[U[PA}GenOl`To;0%~/u`](qq$Qd|KЮIͱ6ǵ$t$c" 9ә #? xl&/PNh? ^[z:jt<KmM,rV:C !)HTn8IЧEcH{"~tnAZl@ىRL̤p&2I[˭Jy2NLfG\+lmh~);}X֌qÂD%@xjjKQ>ߒ1MQBa/US\5G,ܩt(c[I;,b9xưډaޜ;ÊMMus\~ 㤖L޵ @Y)j-Dv6XH`L"\ tT{G [{2dXW!8\:L:y4uҲ0k'n 3TӚ4:q[!J#,j&c7Gdi~Hj1? #+gW͚J{]U;`Bܪ:n 0Ĉ*Vuav:;8|jdP~F D L"^| }%j bÇʋ9) v_jz^"ƊO3zҊ#4,Ja:E--* YpA2[$84d.#3u^Iݬ@鞪_X^(}INvcB fa4r|m<FL}z "u3>!ւlKmkɈEWHL)FF2nXz) 5JE?3RRR\2'<=3_h^Л:o>ק}Lc~c1Nz*ѩExރXϹS%ÛOdmv7/YGB%*)k7V#Aڿ۾Dj…G ;ZNg'Ӯ<J󥆷:b{S?/j|EHɾ{`R"]1*^DxZNE8 r@jhb]Kk]WKfφAI"]T sg%1!379y"r{;*u/}(LQ^e ^L.iw=Y +6 U~-Irt=s~vYvfxỖϙEꙨ$ВR(PF5d(Q?X7JrpP`y5$fmS E>D68$ G{F"JS{VNr:,Tc48r5zgxg];Oy_ 5:QM]Ie"yP0L=Mú'`2J|)J w)l3CqoqTBdDzB5lOާΉ!XkۺqM"  'J`#yf83D#P.˧&b$h4,#O8w=}N=Kϖ5=Z̰X:͔)w*(_B4mJZ fxsTRk-y>6 UlMw)qY4}!WMtcɺ2 #^IG=ѤZ9 k T> mmݮ(*Q) 748d"savgo6#z@C=z޼`Xa2VE͏zYxX*F#U+uA<I]*5i0g IP@aMzDZ&_Rh* 3OL32ǴkS?8:* (]WMF h.HTc`"vEHݲ[t1.1]M‚k& jU0U9JѹtDaIǟV!jJ3,:켌dZϜ?<1|22Ú1AJ#le^d;;1v`2%;V5j'+JV=ٰ́Ͱ M&:}zSw, 1"ҊِћpUu sUI`^hT4ͷmòUS`kzpMّ5E/57Ua|LJ\d?Z`V}*o.c6č +349o :gt4s Sa fUyܹPԺֽjv"xU" |B{dQ0$ͰD 43˪}4E|X%ђG!ڞ9*NDH]Fzs3}azYjL cw+p\h+ #CC}#F;BZϛxlQ>j%AcLvL㹹g0`_ ec!@(tlP DYU8XI f_m4)湵/fޒy.NzN65ky!Q*OQH l"4U+Rc4?X) ,G탆e^i(E &P< "?nGe("+m싋x.QB "j| DzrXO?]XhAo_w΅ 9*/13a"xTk;X`gY֚>VpŒ&Hiq07,W,HA%ts~ƋOY<<;uޞ=odusgjF{)6NJ$T_\OYMuڭB!x.#*IGPQ{ǖKrqO! -U} !{8Ivyc{~uI8ߙedtnW11~lܨ D=Z19[6klCx =F2*=l^Uم=XŻu,"plBu "fHDl ubuuF^K` Ĭ B3`ڜ,4/ξsW|ϝfxKK"5/+;|')MFI($tD!'"AA!HmL1fC3B`R)&Yj>Y?`J1:rpDID_~1ZPJ1uBQe9B4&=,6pN(@Dx`i@a/y]L' [t 'itꅣaö:0|h}e ,4bIQV8k5i(PG4V`ؽ̓sx4ɄnXD$J)5DZ8x'b3,ݱ֢ᔘ7HQ,`7 4##kt/J,ĴkEAkRL_5^U(nvY`V œցQq&2X \V Q + HS` 2$[Vf:ZE%nw( = 0{Qqj1X*֪eQ'>X62l.˥VVq&b:I=`XË.>Ľ>'-E#K8s@m KhL>L^1cG3_E\P2lrqJŖ⒨6Ufzn ]~3] qV΀"cVU 揺k͆aM "OS|)rju*שiE3}H5 T +$*١,VFIX¦'wD۬a&MucMzr= BbJd}P[E,#s$sZo7D+QidBf,9Ho'mIE̤QģCl-`/y#>對FR0Gx0l0'8^@;2OWɡ,ÜיguXGaIÒl U^Ar^p,r. k *eN,~|qǮx&GδU06> 8%T oo&1d٦.zvwL" t^IV7C4z9=k-DePNsZ|b!AukOFk%< ,߇ayuzC k1 Km9 ?4.Y8zɰ n0)Vdy+T nrvXg5X̆o2ʴCx@[sCʿ-ډΑ}y̴jxN1w2 J'iVH,ML}!%PI>ͶG'hJhuhL%w=xOGd?5C,l֜WOTD H;_eNh?_-[۳?-F[~#6'݂Fha4ư/T ,[Z8AZ59`޽[xiwߖ<uqgKs{ǡm&:A`,hBp*SӽSaS̍ooloy`ȶ {_9F;/~߯=5'w.~a_j<8oXa} "acٲ'r5~/\nя#( [|8gV;AI"Y/ܱtTva۔gSa?r~O}t&İi&5,A1]&k)[% [28P k@by%Ȭcs0tټߘ)̹é\%לJha)j*:W𝰚(6 Zg0UEy/)y 9=3`wlb)X$Ce[&dZ&x49s+E1i.#-^X^FXU-cW1΂RM2_ɂ٘V IDAT[=0\YZ]`j*]{*FA24)CRFm3gBp lXC3/;d>mhۇ %Rv,:zӷssqptњћѰD$«2(CbdXYAy记([V ,w^kVp G"6̄+R2,Z%l= q$c ;9|@$ a,Jo+)& LY 9/aF䬬nj)RvP}:DP,sJ(Yo6I^n3y,Io/4f)ۓR5^i(Ra ߢ-gB& 9AGU*y}ٍdᭁВԕGeTCQM.RŎPo؞;!ϜDr5 5oRQ!+)Ṓ}gf2[3EV١0hw _{ 2, Ji*y+*X@{sZXM[i,7n!k };+ 0t X*caq:ScAP*0>x=يJpV *&T%)u(p T91SHVSMѽYtI|~AD?>!_K)߻G4 Y*;-awvgZCp&'I[dN\IU+)Md(;pڬ? |MqE!iWr\WA<_v1qI\l~װ~}_%%No֟/ץaeeXZ߁셷xCG~gd>6on ~.ʰ5>zX ~I !|[g7d A ǽZ @^gwӿp?ܰB,sB3ܯz{j@e>z09}ڿ_j`'$*/L_-O\@hpJPkâS/mY%k +g;2*XD3 +.7,J2I6CW q)#?AhY" .{ [=a'Z&;ݮsRv4 Ht;HrisƐsFRE/ڋA`%xE$'.5qhs/=$ex]6"\Y0wfcnIZ =6Sv 7C,ǯ3}ąN*&T \0DLqI5H\kٯG,\k. lūjIS"4Q(aTmIj Rb D,Y(M(m0& ʞ$!Iyb~j0AL!La))/{-ց=; Ӧvyjpë0Ȫfǥz`j'cUs8wF`~3]мc6T2TQÿc7 I-LPu >1⸞jCU g$'0$ULbJ2KЃ"+{esâX|`RNKQ'iX{4<LB%Ͱ YN1*u 'J>zNO)ҴN\mF:VsNA`S&yx׳K:YZA50V%RKLj[*]pB,gmtNEHmxKt_qWs5gMrdu\Neh߼[?e$]Ơ!/U?  )x5)̓uSj.fwB>q,5W;GoQ7"3‘W 2x4_ƞ3՝~zbhlzӰCAFu2P]YPrƻ7^v'O ܰ%o|lmIi=b:ajCA` /~1nq2׎,0ӬerY) gv!R^q_Ymn3!me;M䶰^aő`\n7Bl3ٌ`㮫 3 *BAk5.<5eofX{,CZeQ VzLl~`GOLw j8 W:tPtX Eԍd_pL1Rd<:jƜj$-)n!!SO=i|QU §* D0,DN,R*iI,fQ)Uȧ8 ڸ]ҝ?r9%v}w/Kxߡt}W>c_o.C/]+{e .p^N Tb*OEAhXaN}/bϴkytHyKs:pRAɎ?$Ͼ^ eSݣrzf?^\G}n9AA]^QbNLnW{8ҩW' @1W/b&G@O~bN.g %XB'LjK5} uÊ)O9 *bYc `@kH>]8a¥Uj JE d9mC , 'C*1)'\@S)_‰5 O[-KLO͒;Q x?JԾw:rRYonWf˲0EL`#60TN%/X}I/վ8"dYY+k;M a+-YCirN]jZz[ S2fj3 uv4 kT#w]uM}SfJ3Rɛw4t#BKغ+?_$;M^<ӂ5/|z~D*Q"ia2ESJI!TNXT((d1 H@I N [!aRu0.ĢI'SeJ|=OJ١; \rt0M^Y"$A"74CI,rYc~oH\X Nq&P}!D>Q4]9u6$a4^qʅIgYnX lPN{pS _hǢm.gߎ*ݜ8Su!F& OE`rwQZ|LDΓ'Q$YXT]8\hQg_Gfw VRH|+0 fXR 6ibN_p]5V'bPr!MJۻGÂd\uqUmz3WW7-DKCĭ!(udŎA ?IْcV]$'U(}G2_$pSY#n@)~6؋Rd$#w?͛7Ъq3}܅3Ҽ rk= *_=p[5Ij=tb0nd+y}aB2g)!579ۅA񏎚 W],+{b';8d8xɰ_a.i6,hCC%RePnX2ݰ*4.ZhmnQm,k NcK?`V)M3ckUZk@ \iPWYmr,uW$A3ZS,}>JB j8WZPoBSo70,cSˣ PoqP7E-~0Q=W%ߌmn[5nX;\~X՞BթqsDEB o͗x_XWǭ:ӆCvYcnAD+',S9%GP*(ЗN{acɾI(&Lip!1Ȫ LOF֪63+QmXHK@ ^2$dS&0S׸[|{!VuuUz憃ڈyYfbⰐ7%,Iٴ%2摱V<ƕkW[:hUU<0a&&yH$,]a'I.I],_:l"-┗T8ZUX 2q"jLSYd Wr#״|P~1b߾EE4\w7`SHg@/br m-A==vˢ/=߶J2XZ4j:(8`>^5d*Yb{YIxpAtÁv޶99(W}To l_ثբO|M1XoR>ts8`>eb]GhUa=!$UۦBMlPv/\ǮmN/#VN֧5URK-$o&h2ft;ۗW{\7k:X;d5&73FD wJqy8Y lzcVtbxlBIol4J+p*I1~?YBw)/_kͰ3 }0I&-`VM&9l-ۨ0ä*CU_{03Țmќj9K@LX`/4x:ʷ*p^tF# M_zVy*Ux3;-Ƶr wqnJ NDJ +s2HU!yDdԥi>0߀Jb.$6-xJ~F\+gc+ ;iwRw5=XdKƪ Ef=*}g65():9'A!14sb K9@G)07Lf`-wˆX$ ) Ԝkޫnz\:H4$ӰxQ{3Y p["vh0crC, l\\i#74V *OsȁBє){ڊl]%z=z06'ƊѪW-?5?}aԳ}?Qs9"dhΑq(\HoHg{icfbh YT&TQZ 'F5K6u_W9T,W(QjXb':a@*mZx**fr`'F'e$9x( KaGL|D_@ [F(R%B/pRO ?OBY0ij3TJC"s2(yVӜ/iꊓ) ]!Ї0ogO[RlYKil1HC 74:MNBiYz<w]Td%[)*ToG[np}prX[$™ca6̔D\l4`AXsAϝq'd%ަM(@-PnXŹa5H6YyfX-{ _kb8M^ ~6foT۾P#vŝjO02pbI Ȧ1!d|@ڥo1\Sfغu!~ú}аX?'en9 .?Q;QUCx wtwa- 0_0Qḭn4'%1VdVw|C|(-,Ynu~ܭm9P87/ZH-_ .™oSÚ+xqE qV: zUUy&cj =[NJnwz>;3,$AH}0ԎdK>;5[&4u<W/ ޿ ӶeyfXoSޱ}^:t`XEmf71/v(rt )P'zm0{(.&4`LWalE{a# un_;JZTJZLL8]U: f9 7/G $fmJDոDGH *O+/l$ 5~ IDAT#ĘÐPZ&X Cy5 [R'4WH3~۷,IRmh.1i- Ǟ6RHnrpq`A",rj̲uYz?CE |lST.:`b)<d{ft#y!Q}C Ҫ)X(t2!af[z %?0!y+Ar9(S5KP] IP)hd.= 5] ) 'aG(n;@zHm) s`;M82pz חgò  k/HWjkðV :DZa3 5 /m K`z!*EwE01 jxApPG,烓#+n j31Hæ$e0'kGYiӾ &] dN,dyV]"cdS D4mIMFJ5&!0MhD@p@R$R`5b=`%׸:2 ֞IHMp8LF,)_O[ -ӆuukl7& W+Lj$ n0wZ[$|@^r[w3]BWIÄi< x2RƇ 0bW`&XR9+D{!I16L8Xk72O0I`&'. {yl@{='Gexf&[, 뗶)ƛ>H0v.#:4 t% *-VG# P?p]D,$ts6}ʐ0]1?"@FM< 529Әcg(pنa˄s&/.ςcݶh-#AEbBɟ L;'f lVG1pTV-pNAD_+_ U&V p|7 `M]}MkMD=o0(ENחwo;k VpUVj~v;)Ft}bݞ/4l?Iҭ>.:thX6`rrlDҬ\谈J 6C&zgd02(/C.Wb<mkاa@z׶HfaՍk&w ՗gȇ#-a|mk >(Pt\|qtl>mvR:48>qL(ASЊT+]ǖV=1$qs#`~ 7fꏶY)TvO5Nka[c7&Ne۩Ur@4쇍>é(}I&@m* CA 'im֨~o@x">:0!.3R@g@$(gFťTϱsja R#Vrƭ DzVLPGmga6Db<DȻ{ TO.xe00JliWOa@*"}H \ѩ 48XH'T"X [N#p-2Y[d(){#աǥ 7,]rux )Y_Viz=kى`N@A5NDq hSIg N)g(jqz> .bXHȖ9_ CٗpM%.ܰa(c@V={3Z@^H!ә>|iYQեuLikU=?JJ &FqJE[6p~:vt /s4h)'a}$]|x,m aV)HHIiU|a\cCE9m0On5u؄(p $cnq=9]!|Ջ 6c\e. =.Ky&~8Skvl/*?)^lcu\Sٝe/B.gH)DS]+-߹Eu.?DKn:3|p=r: FBaG̠2D'م29~.[u; w;㖃+u e9*`X_dF9N

+ߖ?L3/+fEZa1XHk !2e 爈֦PX{fPA-w;^0Ax7ko6"ORde;2=mdP΍Eq/QЗ ahFפz/ T&uc'y-t8YoVM'C{# 3WU7[Ja;X.آ\"q+8gC#B@0:l#3\aĂ.Q?\p՟[ ܗudt5|;';n9Wa-cw raÁ=]YE592V6d(SSB ^*wCi&/X*S,Υp\\ h($B2#}_'Hm0/Nwgm|Utԣ!>M颲=}\l j1Cg<,VIR) Me[nhpIBo,:bЙegoj}Qb' {ilwyƄ8[X )]wճ-앉ܸf$&ilBV"xTZ!+$mRl%F+K6?6aD'ljc`8i74ɟH&0Z>[e;L@nԪUvIC 3 ]MW0>0ħNCJ೿MRK +`ȲD鞁@Rluɔ3f7U08)3g`҆/MsrKK'E4Urv\3s9! F3nX&{\0P %?o x@_Fa3kd,=N~: ,XV N`/LU]=Y+`ekU>K$iB/HL˔}mEyh42YPQ; ա Mİ VҰN F GhXM)U*Mo {|D))sXH=GY jsD+Th @!yIݬ@.Ό3וp}^6,.>@y鬡 KݰT m:=3$#LѪɠZlI EtxV5 a 8ʚx>%Z 00Iev&u~PuJ;MPP8 ^q{Ss gLq@yVrL12s ^0K Bj>f"ثOf$hLI! V p r= ?nc IC!,~":2 "7,[PxEuTe'b]rqn +7;6F'biLQ7gݳ(7mSZ5d2ƹIC".P. b V,? , XB,ȊAvDXqd$پ5(?N )FU=6e&YJM\蔂})]Jrڨgfvk[{r#|9 ݫ0UяnX=rÓNnX֦]59gc1P3/RO 1>iqJFۙb *mmΖ71CAjNt91* THsš/{&jHII|W2ޝㆭlj^Jl,1 00Ǟ( zȑ0a| 7)[B/Ƨ(#w>OMaʇiT^t׶`fC#@ vm4UMp8 FS"ViЭWBLN''̄JKcfzDn#'GqF|T֩]*'E[p5`<n=T+a0?,CߜifrK*ߗx 5G lrG?\aέwPa ~@3ןifB)3gˑB6=~:o[=ҙ^/:,g^M "jC2|"Z T ?[ RG#4<ʿN?}8~wYgWz\6]$ `z(s!Eq>՝хRRe}d6R _fܻ'Yּ :k²إ @& ({GnI7bKKjb=>HC6P)[rys`X:@J߳Ly{kY tT߲+V@"G je M{)+mgJ:[WdrǨ9l Hiћئ䳹wt7'޻!XiYf)0oCzyʗqxh1 Q@a\ ̝)I`ˊk(L)[ei 0Pҳ˓FZ IXފ~d6To=G??G#Յ~vvFy!"E=AJãl(S5$͜"l ;v ǮĎBӶ\L̞:&~x.t\+3sǞ̸NBq֮EzE$ ~u2A Ivn@`G}°Rp-}b&ah$]gI&JpB`aG%il`׍5A ٰ:f0TBX=k@D3ucwYiҴ+&$Jir.aB8[ &SRrimr.`HTpYr@k|vc˩ࡱ^CKV[#YT466ʭ%wZ\5j2D7,cNM+5 ˌ ry c\Gb L.aPr4Yw?ެVC W8!| d*IcX 2d.h'F&zDbplXjj ~46%r7n+6%v ЇZye)[ 8Ҁ;n`gX4ۊ)`3]ǻUCM`p.[Eg^ nUa']X޽AX <5&] N*x!k =JI`X QIonhjD{Wb~cM[H>0T"8t r܈#6/+BQ~{=h2AJX^j?+%9:0VLBx_Q Xg{&8{ < T?>'Ê`5 <7.v ~nv;j;TKABU7hU;"&vf)I:.Ux+]:iX5d6(> (Ӑڠd!Ы>tx0= ^I 0Z1^=Wiŧ--A 3:{Hoe= 7*>Kg;*JL}bmG1B}pa1@{o TG[c-X/"!V=-f6ن)\lf=#QShxz{=SH'&$ %>.$? <6!Z1y\IB@-Y_k$+ 6a9>e2+H;d@ͅZd)YP(bzŇđ Jz'(83y~M`]'Lk y䧓EÎau!,~`0jo@Z bd4*SO!:5\bӅm9pFwqU(һ}|ʡG>9& ?w(Q ˖$6$%. m64µ ^r OlXq޷ 7m姚{Extof;?z}csԲLb'n/tSm-M-5BsbJBY?>,-Ƹl- oZ)T"u!jX@e?Yȁr-3 qjW6 IDAT]l˂dbH]qXrlB%vZ/l5fgJ1m#u<1/u- gPLhhl{ӫ?j.̹pǮt?iXW-Jw=;S]%>L}g/ڰe@j21Q[sKDHAR_iĖ~91lk'0/㠻_ 'GG0LYGf3,0ɭ]9.r+T/dž])ƖFѭ l)T;]?.@cBMڭHRF"⧸d4]es^LqI+9 OCb(dаP‚-ؤ\ȩpa5L.\ d)Tk+I3ͅ# b* Y!;\"0۰ZgaX@2Rǖ50XD͗$9sqtE|# Ǭ/B\^(zGdQD! z\< p2J,j{RpAĆWIfoi [{8ԂLJ4n^ Ry +,y*ey,8@,ZY"K?F6dUb(z>1hRʍ4 a偐j62lkJ]wl[\$T`p3Li2xBnȞĀuW# ل5Xѡ=0G La1PiZEyn݌03,y_'_Lax|eVqc|Bӷyj?K`Xycq'Jt#RuEv0w kvN0#1w+|Jm l%Z~7,ݰ.٤D0,k@BVfd`Ѣ*&u $ {$h̑bOKv"! Y&T N (ssvmQwB7ٌf#T8h lӠ٦ڻw5KǬNΫ%a1烥aU@ـ&x>k^L  4e@zNZpN2Xe9Z?5Əa_V ,>6l+uab#i_`>d(=HhA2@4%1,A`'D '-l3$O{ zcZț95XyM F@ME.٩͔M3sM"0r(c^lT۴63A v$ inؗT6S68c`Q+P 1Bӟ0bu9lJ/!P~g3kmnNۢi* PO8o[mK\= c-L,)S={AYv9[XPicwUY"=.2 OSˍYxy9=Ph"oN8` %U޼rܜ7 ]5%o.d JΕͤd/m ɏKPΏᥓvͶ9amw@ ü|XdBffOOj)jizZf x"t--yR&C(Ivbgׄxh?kavQM)1ZV8\sU$tAKOaS(ԋ*}~[@[sJ|s8$]t:8tq(B cKy <͘JBV[Q(s>eH"I8FnMiN:K ~&b<מc-drnjlBU~yjup%fe=0 _zQR1qr$_13?% 4Z|F#1ѷ ܥPIAWܚUEO2FpEg]ҨcSғrfЇAXKz^~F7JKH!adKRt=' /,&%o؂GN-8v}H&{,CwojDJC\ 1&;#Lx*'Bm7Xaa<4Fz)9i=dR`~pCѢ۵0] QQK?sEzU\q u7{#uϹ[9G#&Tqű38%$ UA8Aᕚ p[%sijWǑAd3km"BVQdUNyzߖ_%>.XcG!8^{瀫: Qwy!f7ӈ$}t"'7KDŽx6$;|+x#0f* sFGF_K%-sHB0ŵ/OG3=O7LaR::K-m:bT~ YY=J`#SH?0@"$1T^fHK,CD˅ŭG1Jd6 9E\6q2 S69ºtԬlC</Em  ^MN@ &M;¢nR(By̵(%cʻ$aՈtsYBk%-!Cr!9X%P4~D4Fm_$,J A{G*Â![))]d3Zw#7o̾ijbT,R;|=A^|L\T. }#n8@0WDDzYxyU ZWCP$[%Ƭ0:CƴB 1Ju"!Eg'B<%9$BD0DgB혠 W@[A: fXx(d$aDc6zǣ07PjZ0^ΉFXsSѷ&/[u7{bGaTm.5ޟȰ(tQvipxyiȰUOTwztI $0IJD$o8ml"0)&ëEz +n c ɰ m k}}գ*I^)&ej;ذ,W@Eڰ&V̓yܣSB+2|qPoa4Vy㦋U;=9#yb0ddH,e2 9"ӜR-ZڇV6t W|QO$a&02\a,5Lͫ&$mp[=ahbẢax8BT'8y >,!yw\]z 6Q(F_5r*2+q>/ k#UJ޶#,]aBN@6t˼t .*8! +dGP`Dh5E֣Y8/wҊ*6\9qo}#Yr2Y j3EOLu66D}SlwFBE*? };cGRIkaӭϸ9H\{}rTKoS׆}t"749?O吼W+|>e'\%l^26.}P޺Ʒ*7}fG MyT&)u=^ }:[an;m]=S-22fJxKe>ƻ?‡p";ú[snw+5{-v0, O%ݔ4E`Ǘ0u_װn~ox-MEчps5ӣlNljhz}e مc[<5³=Pnտ#pP^}}ye+삲<rD?^n"af`8k+eRkT l=L*ߔi+ F6C:򐴋 `}ߡHr{]7Qњϓ""h@ ~CG-jS @לOl]<@E- gosjK@/ܙLvKO14'=χ L 8E-`j]أmS>4sy]p9/:®c >ART&d^lGjCw(ZrybmX9'AaP^xU~s=~#1s9 9٨eLj`0 f6$mCXUo/Ge0xtvpe5،#w2),+? ~_T ͿxqM©]M==i:1ʰ 8H3O~Y ToL32DU b_,w2IiXgPz%S{zUbsc%GEڗ76q7"iuBIeWk-a0,W6F dE㜈o8j#Kϙ4PeRyVjYd% ģ @SFט^y@9}u +uê3(3VqxT$V?2 ogHcf!HJ jXSpssKVދ(2,OF\9K ڕEtL}]4y@:o՝ }ThnƞaVڀU#^e(Ÿ?6p]AY&#@& M4~& >M6t!n12 NHW| ߸6䱌; 4|K.$Q󖚜M_Qf!/޵}2_);ծ']y<7o;fc}_g+]Ӎ˖dhA$.0 &G O$9x\R@l4ICJ3zj.y mRJDu&A5xְ" xTw/9R>rP`?C!ve%D,9»`2f9N  Mr2(Ԁ3d(lb5XL O ]#cV>?\B2j^t=v-j*0D7LnEw5&œw~|?ó(;TV.֡۲h'Fܔ=cS速wEFoŧC B7NƲ7ל$ymjt!;=_ҽWepu} v'[U8҂mp= &hU|K:{[as~J~ ߡK˸L-g#ؔ(إz|V#8Q\_݋oPHq(_0],[vnlqAy\v6˨Z۹eO v*?Zp)P5ӻi|}721e7)3R,U4f{l0- )kᓫ9zφM|_uA_7]qJY Ŧ1JcoMPqay{XUl G}{ Jۀ'6 NM?[a"apQԸ.aܬe%@ Q})`y)04Hy[ˁc/ē>Œ6pӾ}+S=UUH*(]0z*VYg"|eQM, (R8x@y"[)PT끁AHg1m љZhql|P|2J! 3] ;( 'eiك R|Ëf=ƊE3m:2D( ,0܈z'`˲Ux$%P˚xP3Q&lXKڍP!S >P(wҝmuZ@$.M2CՕ sy{S# l‰nwfR2*\N6(eo ;de&z|x@,n*&@VW dZLIkA5G|f6yiFUӛ;(=a۰+2-qG65Fj9b^jBLT3,Ny,awW%*Ș6Q9 9[ +咳*P{{Rgxn֕0 5`Xs)Tꇿecl|2&UJÒ*u.|:[*NLLFb a{| aOCY${F?YʄMr@vm^UG/Iri1˓>/r˙p]n+G`nXQ"xv N鱂g뀚*0#aɰl(M4O(HynI$ސz6ua=5f#^@CBR̭ Rt+?;EOʂT#bkR&^@u&Y(>}.l6p9z14FJ$7~~*].D,mc, S?M똢w ʳ rQ܉2cؗsM7:CۉТAsy%s2Ƈz,#_cgXѠJG* 7jYO`9>Q; N7Fs 3i唺.!pun`r6!vXC{f^9JV;<ͮ`k3d P& _IDAT0_@8`.'.!9Q:d' ؙ*s=zOYDvapr[dGJQݹ\MTrx|V6P%xH"Jqi> 3?8 &pf b<|Ѵ!pE:wF-+cyyݦ3/ w179N΂Ny:akxFHtPW^5<ᄣ{= JIpWZA6f䑅C߁ :()vYW6<7v~o3xԴdž;L./9.ȏp]&b\s>QŽfK㒑,)M ;3nA-_pcw֞z5?(vGo^#i XuPҒAT_ZM:=Jt<a++L:/pzqo i]pvR@dyVIB}бM UX8uv3x٠> H#{,Sԅ+5Y1m}\ Bm6Y-0SSix({ W#!97Y;`a'V4:(P+|j X`̄u>+oF =oZ1Aґ`쓄H ՗ [[\ӲNP F|4o9z6TW+f-dZu=y7 jO"y2,C@q8r34|y䮁o]XFF~גhXxPة:>PJ'R[aUWJח"MLiv4৐M]9ux4Ar󶐙 oxa8R|P0V` 6UaCcҔ Zg<}BQ*r=4)Ϭ-7]0,*'%D?ĨH2Qy Qm4,WGd!(Od=RͰm C"P%^WOVcXєp;arSnfCJߔ$A[;E aEoʼUyF tt0?WEDLiJۙǾ# ~dJ' n}eX샨VΔA'Lbde"ðaY7%bQi;ej0dRcM3@:BTԯ4ˢ7iE4 8p/5nfH*CE>=-2Dʋ|ՂZ冒0bRc×Y8>e 1DŽ4O*k{ۛ&]E2Y`*AxYpz5jgK!y+ȫ+aE@9$diXIM+:<h:TIqRBAPl8W-b,߈|ȆL2__*B%jh;n'86BGd]^TI8q{N@*3J%8bf(D=D%G`9pKA*dÞ7{%19f.E0Δs|*XPPEQ )vSQrv+QtÃ_eڔ_0#%,wQ+Xa}Eq;9O' x˷!R\0#FGy2,[g̚>U ĵ!. l;0<#O$^_R,)ӗM{ JQ|3ɗo`Ծ +:O[(o(8zNJ[zӰ 5 1ărx%W.[Wϖj+QO'j8~B{'϶xA%W/ : 7?v+_=Is?V/a-4*f1ߍ9aTbٶ6|~RÅ;{˰L{2vGqZrN9rxyW/tÚ [W\.!_(Z#3E:o@%Aw |d3ϪfIe8b YSdَev] ~WNMbo䞄;=Kspg&"5 7Rc4(91|o]T!M)a0kUpۯWCس%Wu Tl=%Z\p\C N,UD֏/oh˟Rt/.>cђ=S@iAym*cȐ;{۪;Lq s X$u /`v^ѦxoboA ֿTszh(, ahTP7샊,}88lOhKَ[υb,N"=o2q ! '_[Jg.a/㛣5lnG#OG bU9Ro?§Jأ}“lj{0Qz7$X X za4 t $(ik,SP AO~]6l̮yTk⥃Ӆ{cj*yuI=>[ndzyx %4_,? ; ֨xLQtPc,/wO7$VDetqT|4?}#Vs~ =,_68h}+ yt9b[{>J\!3_S ZSD>lDITpjyTg!2gIENDB`nOp:Ez[PNG  IHDRXPHsBITOPLTE۶mmmIII$$$sbKGDH IDATx]ܸ l@+ tI$A>ܾTFHH$D"H$@@`` P=      oR$6aMc\R$@gqDeGYX\b$샪m$-sL *8zb$w52D]a):U:E$b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7c $ 3f@ g4kdkd]@w0w]ppp@ g4PdPd]@w0w]p@ pp? %O =William Monroe Trotter   50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  Arrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement  }  Opposed to White Leaders  JThe petition against Jim Crow in 1913 received more than 20,000 signatures K  Opposed to White Leaders  Trotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices He was thrown out of the White House     Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versaille     ~Applied for a visa to travel to Versaille in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a chef on a ship     U             Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stmt)- ''   @  :    ,  _                   /sxHH(FG(HH(d'`   $P( XP; $r $ S TP  Y  r $ S p  Y  $ $ C A 01_01.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: J `B $ s *f޽h ? ̙33r\ Bs?\Tv( / 0LDTimesHwXwXw]w] p  @n?" dd@  @@`` P=      oR$6aMc\R$@gqDeGYX\b$샪m$-sL *8zb$w52D]a):U:E$b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7c $ 3f@ g4kdkd]@w0w]ppp@ g4PdPd]@w0w]p@ pp? %O =William Monroe Trotter   50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  Arrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement  }  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  Trotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices He was thrown out of the White House     Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versaille     }Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer  ~             Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stmt)- ''   @  :    ,  _                   /sxHH(FG(HH(d'`   $P( XP; $r $ S TP  Y  r $ S   `@ Y  $ $ C A 01_01.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: @ `B $ s *f޽h ? ̙33rv v?lv( / 0LDTimesHwXwXw]w] p  @n?" dd@  @@`` D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"q1SH ԰l!E_J)8UQ*yPޔ vE}/q2qmKlPR}~Enmvje=ĩ36X/ ]ή$jGo۵b~0ޏA-Av9,W b-6wƵݯ[jk/K{XsH|?V}ψ0j_f͋]V)hǯ=ׇxDqqi/Wp%Jyx[Du>q0|娏hRBpwIRnxo*߄7 @  sw̾d;6kS6z[V49&A{]pVh8|P1-ٍ;+_?u?_|5d_J6`EF=;=ijv[=v釷E{]z,rش݁Ig?FXգIizt@GM;j9>vZ|0,`/9;Z UgG OӼQJ? l N+y-z'E) <Ѕ Ċ-+.:?݅tVrˌSx7wxOb=f+On'0A6[7g{ىE󛯅I3 iXWk;\^>n&b?GݛkxI;0*w%Rel{{?#8 |k3ʸAU$F9t6k+.{0 nw:9z76tZpwo Woh׎jX .c?%jw`yW$dk;~ ӭW&&Sie֊І`$]}aFF|#xtўVw'*\Bљ((D/-B%u4뺝pK}kwK;lQ!ͻnu_ulj6|XL>@a{pIjzNRT~. ĴvX>(<+PDMboxwW-b4:mX~˿4d%|҉%|!|.zWM o5{b,P]: OپXvXYkzqXw8<C[bZ7}ib_xBu?ǯ7oq"Zc+O*UQd'VN,'sL"ѬV>x6*'su*˜BG_85p=I Fys~(9&J&Tܥ=vc?-Rƕֽ'\tȧj?=x|~R5i9DFڳ z)|6-;R-Q/냧,]95m-sm[8c /wvF88L.6X_`}pC?oQƃ^b1(,c (4KeTJ,6:"2\pyBA,rgލkF@ #a!wƏ|w"H$"CM=x|q h]:ŷo?O 1[`[~Hmcb!1qiQt4F=31Ex+G)&DE=Xȟ6ӶcE3˱Ѿ ҿ’YКHglfZ=@aioS!*}JmY} 2S-TY'8;De_e.+'u,p_*6Tzt`ڒ3\| D/SŦ4^ sDhiY|zC( -X#wǬEnH[F_37Bb5#dΒFs+TP@.37uNX8ђZd#(s]@G:1g"cvb]3(V\xL6ObX~+A2&2wu\e X5aYyڃ=IUe[ꑶކXk{UhBƏOXN bXc8Q7bB@w7MseN,S6 I DeeQ4|Ǔĺ cxz]2kCcu/F_1Vfb'O\ O%gcuz`6/\0,p 9 ;_MnB-}d÷eo[,ȭs?}"tc 5rCbS~.GQڮ8Y,nCA]\D'/'VISَ%wW͠kUX7#pKq4:!#0i>Gsl [,քGe b-Dv,Xx̸DaF(S3:=aDͲ>!bq'dٶ?7/l=NJcc Y>ԝ#KWw3s(kII+\j¤ L#ÌAG@eoK#e #QܵQB`tXP=u}*kG w?#S:(O ׺e:wk{L剎%juh d7xejZA{D7NMVϢ9pbD\gzDqN^ng8SFƍsѴ 9B slﱞ8(b!oL}X!`иg4",yd#%_ p-ۡMO[-6HDNcԗxfiȟBhr̟YzćA.1')l }ѐ+]IhP p9 5wZ I"#k:b8cXg: |J|.sƒ%T5"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$wɔTd.m09ZE^3QMEa2^ OLԣX e6ERTʉ crk~k1>*^7ɲ$:K"_DטHez* YVy>r>1`>s V5vWRUW樗}qI5FVK$D"H$D"H$D"xgiAsq~ q[:2JHj)9 _,h\gI;56lN3` eA|5 c揮[tn/f⠍;XOtF&jC8GխVt\6Id۱7\'@b~L o"H$D"H$$7Dۡ cϋ~=2TkOB?J뤵M1O@^̃=90[$ 2slsE_2.p Q9~pW_<ܭ։ӄ[ j/F+~rל _[b}(#LN)5z:4q_ډ@ʏʎs(ꆜnwz0zXF"ˋϢR8]+">]Jtx'"K1 jAED5$ҵh.&ͷT\ Zj'O0f.:>vIcG(zI@W؃|p*Y\ F6|wjcZB7q'Ėo4@"E-ebkW_aM6H8_n-z婺RT)Oqw2QܭXE<ZkTΑJc sR0 =fˈO+X_v Vؾ YȴD`PF%|1 X7*b`erroD32f޹vPtf^X1׼'/?8|o>˵>[:^"7bQ)hzx&.0l'Qݝx|T9š |ƥGͣԤ94O VoCH6#fa~474yȱQݼ54&K& :CW)c..4ji\.I\5'Q)}xS*UZ0ײ]bITkZwMsL^)˛g譺_kJDUfnǰ3Kb<9"ylnEmHgSuo = ^mk>b>ESkRln%eK+xiz>Ή#jy5.c|$W^-t=nhId3s4RWY)KFX[a̷W+ga$Y3eq' 7W2nxey1ik./;QM?.0B,C"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$Dllc+iWPz"&+IT7eb)k>ǕBfy}dl8̨^N}OI{CEuy"ށZ"B곁[d#į}=/]?t[.2hp%JˏœIL%.ۅD,wx'?N3= <ބO$w DZ&1do+cOYwYi(D 9Ѣʣ^ ejĊ #2uIL?[r7{Jq42o';}۸!N,WYGP\ma+Mb;^~S؇wBs.Xᾧi7yX+::-B4D]l6jL~iU9ض3tVx hצi HDzF\cFN]A< tPmgRJObMʗ/B?hܪ~repJMݢrGsP0zm rJ,0Y|5ĺXֱsvv- ;ײm;rzJX>L1OO[$agT쓵qTxWv(/lO\hx]svpˎv;_>uޥsɮbRЏ9ܹ*6۳U8 Mw;ul2[&l~ G q2#2X»*ݰN,ʮ7k!O7Œ{QK{/-,%cj\8i}9}c^R d< $3=8H~jvz1}j!& G}B?<&H:ZfLSzFcmݘ{Ww+Tf.qG=h;ut%^{!0zBugƣll G s1%1Zdؼ׵A V?|եaV:O T4m~=F$5ȇhc玽]ȟxDe= #jgUaϥsEd/U/S^ߋƲt;[LiK,/ګS_ar)Y5L[{W^ⱨnU{߻}\K'Bokՙ=D)_?N$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D"H$D": ~.Rf"-sU B䬇Q Qv2%&*?z}' H=S'EDc#r(G-L~>_2($D7|juȊ@BG<䳇 a2T݄_GӣLgLԳf8\d=-]>Vy*<(za;1Mǫ<Ѕ(*Ugʐ8w\T'ָT>~7b}@/r-ƞk醅LjEB|Lܯ:oH|Xb[Mb5? ?/p5 ny/VH/ū3@a3jHo֮Pݨ EK,2Y6^Z σX&a:5v!P|bGf亠.7IRi֕2WT&BTT :(_:$Tl4. ^ˏhHd*^hbS O[k)bm,(vB Z"l^Nb)w2(j$skx`QD iTb1bAյ֯c켓WlN=B4;R;ZRpsƳ{ +kX`AYhmϋG< oX 6̂Ceʃ&͉}XF7{n8g<|NtF >tN$ ~Ī<̘ڈOEiLyg{K7b>Ǩn?o%͝\P/暴և2Y.ĒXn1q:Jw ꛐ;#X!+1 XNf0b8k F{I]f K.xdAo ^]*/3>>92Wn}k9-7Ge%HA;XL?у*^3hԅ1{ O5?P2< n$Gy'0*^SF!p% 15=wJ} EБL$` cN:Ňde+Qڇ͗BHcZ8hiյqA%>1?!9LXe:|,#^0]`K rz cڰ(PC@<6 cW@c諒R{%x^+! {=oڍq+kuqK[0kIC|^>h6wjD"H$W3yλ?K~m:gQUg+e U+EQUX3y~/Зm¬U !*W-2/O,c|-filx ;,J+mV7Ne-g#mrߕit:F&މXc)e[o_= q斩򑰱5ޛ_5& ygbe=ofH![|L6̶<b텣WhX 5>%dE<$>((|maXIԜFPHtpHU(xޟ!H6,è GV\jg h"d ĂĥU]FQ#(֒ "[ep(؉ bDϭD;P~`df"#բ1yzsEO"h9"F0d˦z,v-*4qd3f}SYASO$%D"H$D"H$D"H$D"a/^okN !s*QD̈́P8>/>4D{-KPGa/նWH[EW ]M+_YS>L\Pы#"00Wq8TMBŽ *Ez즆0!oLQ9AP6goN|9/z01|Q'n{vf f\ }3QzpHz|z}=YDi#- usl =;b+1U:+>iž>Ps|EBrU=GcO,Ϻ&<@Eh7X nU<*Ifݵ|{0m3$LvCsD$8ɨcHaV=}m bB'ʹmZGx*!)#ui!ԛF:1ԞfY1upf@^Œ2㌠G)^uMwAqE*z\:.-=T<g^O1]-d~{h嫕} buIr?<wCKCkkt ODb-H8Hl yB sN|TĢ9Dkǜ\GqnoT/ſmuQnB6aXȹrB,YZuQ—P\U#iG}<,Fcj!DT.ʴ{xb>D"x#O|1Ce(̘@I]|W ⨈@1͛5ҾVlx{7q7ڧBx nvhIO E˭U $CTE=ռmI^5YQ`uafA6A3l)5zjځXw}m1jJÝ]l1wb;jDzoiiyc3R# 28|:$rje'M`azG_FH  ̉ki1,'q; =D){9bٮԌ$ 6C]Z)F岬qm_Nߢw9}[?-K V+TBqУ ,1 ` bʐ[ U7j{=ʀ*z]|թ/Cg(ZQFM[+g&6#_JÂA:'8F72нE@] nEק"Y^򝞌? rwA֓9 fZ~!հ T@ Ot͢(}Tc ugK3Tzר!BF'&ӲYàF5eo_Q.Bҧ]'nb,Z *=ǀ'?jbPS=? 8k7l/e`OKo+*-[s Vb}}4-Xŧ63NeH-3D9ȯ[쵐VJ}kFR'ᅹɾ[0|~_ 'knbJ2U} bT7\籡3ݬ7zo mO= iIG,(ܤ83B*|n[`z:=A=ne  E?@bZS%*O,ZV0sra4?TJLb"U}]YՊV=i1f2Չ8^wA7ۇ-٢Z5"p Uy۰X p "B+@^NŒx]V5Vfxt:z5Y,JjYpjH8i DUM:V< QVbMjƛf0C[.йaeqz@6I:"EĂ \ 6רu!V,32s;4>ޠf6 pm8-ĪNjX5ns ִᓔX}7xխۅX (?ߍ(Pzޛt ΢\[p +úPZ;)tg0bU qԉڣ?-*Sn7zRb%uSWCR'۠ E׫Ɓf>]]sAYRXĴUf]oH4Ke-77YԫEyg#r.\/"Tˣ PH/~ R[XiכW~-xv=Y*N;kH`8-UZN:%wR6(mnM&臺G! lqb3$VSx Ff&'1WyeIJg:>5F)6[wbZ\p5xeD5W93ƺAUFu,2f|ͰKinw` ViCw:m/6^ ]v7>+EԻWܰ>Q.էʜ K;px%\"o%| EbI:k¼6%2_A?"ܜ& e`_f6\fH4;R l&$R*i`yհ C>ISC:Tur1&{P,4Jk4+BH(]A+VAb~7$GXS^Be g};qhaX& = m^-mp." -p-FX\o9Tj (gO%!Vo=jFy@*h<Blx&":GN u.|JJC{q =ue c-W𣛿B۵Ƅ$Gy(ۧs^eԙr19eǦ@4,H >?ւ94Sve+'>TDI$O7?)~in7BPByUTru]+Ib}}|:x۰>) =5z'!s%3\e $~S5Lan,FĻ* V?`jW-dٜ 1Xs`ٰU/Y) Hzc#*u'*-7DBx {\\D.׏dӶZ0xޭT..lPpzhlqT[ #%/߼΀O5+K3d eEj4 ^c|,'w`NhrYсUw![[k_ʨ`T_M̕+E6r4s MTW+e U $BW6>(#4BQēhbsQn*I7P{M\-NLK\7G Qvk=0CArM[#S(:4mUIDy\<,;m[S,ٱīk͚]PwE髨=FԈrqߍSnz,.Gu<M$puFbY?KwPt@nAA y2)Z--XP~,$1'ʚF|32O}᮷_%N=DŽVȃǂ9h#scCm<{XKTL$~ RN&K@Q$趮t3aHl! w1 _gHs&#f2ṟ4j4\;wTLn Ե8/#䈇{ldܫRw/#%^%YtݺRT[rRZ-w`UMQ9!aq᫟N,Qgf<}< (VacT2f,S&eϮ bEҽovpYMZ5Q4F%,TR bL?X{Wu%q5^SH/) ǕXR `ۉĪGqwJd4U+đ]Q;#U9ca~B\w߇\,QD>F^(bZW[cJxeס9섉Za/)XÇL37F7Ed{]^͜deY/H$/?wԄ?H*}c;2V=~]Uy5oN% EsM=!ec1_b1u;L5=,߂<$wTӕ\PU_7RoK[]Ei†TmTpPP'whj+;nbLνzcB~isEچn¯@n̐,b_@J.ߖ1YX e)pq"j-߿7ʂɖ:@WX~#zrY ay .MHеϜamWMʑFV'"衦tz9V+ .9 ,Zf#G9xN T;IIbږFїg՘;fogo%4 DsGjq+˕X 3bX E ΣKID`[-0^!p걂\\HeԺx{cGbc\`DQEr0*nY׀a}tݑB;P9છCcdHoމ%Ǭt]$(ZM8Bx +TG3s{Crzkq7JW@ AĠ1$V*B ssXԉ%7ru$|ڻĊB٫O}nܸh_ XM:=O90΁һXoTN,nЭ/ٺY ZQ]Oíy,UV&P)ГLL=9;d Jzv9W@D) C|Wndhd/"h4˜p!e8'jpW!{pmOG4z9T ėCt"?+v c-sbI+4HBrCfXϱNJ /OLRuOqɛEnѨqSmo-8Lr,ĺ`-QT_71g`KlSc,ΝQ^̈́=YIjX[?$m% Kcf< I Ļ׭hkh@#VA[Xڱz[Tr:jW=jHd㮔 !xyTT^_GK nkpb@t=n537k\Ƴ]V|Vux/*(USD!(r=:XdguY{J]▪OC<ҡ˫3Y'8i>ʺj'Q=XT,Pbkɥ$y b9:vS95ib}I4eGZ#r5GT@z/Du[>3*J؈% ncvU0bD:"Ba\^eF N,[v&m,]!k  %.M$zDC1W'bZ|V)Xw4k!۹!KvZJJs_@4EwZBa5m+{XO5'&K.=z}/=,x'eƑB@*qxKPA(\~/l1|:A/%{+X~JyidIsL}eaxeqyƗ}3Z=ڜID"H$' bF) z`/m5!,2EJ4; @Hr}֟ex7`3LgAxx,9~OMfy"pfGKUYZ9@V|NK'~ruRȍ tHgP1CLzVJ/ե.>z loOYq e+EZlw̟:RJj*jŵgbHJ 9ai]q$K7㠳%g,6DZ;ڈmZȋ}^QXmh=- 5ΐ.=XQ=m1mդM^JQJo$TuC'=Pr d0=Î=.W\TZzJW4S? ׅXF01$?3pU ED"@,3`'bB,Z@,{bKdS=b}wUa28F9"{nWIPxQ0R0"[V$T>yX0U4; =L4֚-T9IYB4_adؼ֬Bf4YbxQm[3dI1@o1Yʜ:p%Lp13S%hb] eQi:9F*7lk|>/P$\4cD"Q<1U"'b)g+O 2>BCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC"P>      oR$6aMc\R$@gqDeGYX\b$샪m$-sL *8zb$w52D]a):U:Eb$p:Ez[OOb$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7c $ 3f@ g4kdkd]@w0w]ppp@ g4PdPd]@w0w]p@ pp? %O =William Monroe Trotter   50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6      Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House     Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versaille     }Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer  ~             Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stmt)- ''   @  :    ,  _                   /sxHH(FG(HH(d'`  HD(  Hl H C P  Y  l H C t@ 0 Y  $ H C A 01_03B.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:@  B H s *f޽h ? ̙33rĐҨ ?ث( / 0LDTimesHwXwXw]w] p  @n?" dd@  @@`` P>      oR$6aMc\R$@gqDeGYX\b$샪m$-sL *8zb$w52D]a):U:Eb$p:Ez[OOb$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7c $ 3f@ g4kdkd]@w0w]ppp@ g4PdPd]@w0w]p@ pp? %O =William Monroe Trotter   50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6      Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House     Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versaille     }Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer  ~             Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stmt)- ''   @  :    ,  _                   /sxHH(FG(HH(d'`r?"( / 0LDTimesHwXwXw]w] p  @n?" dd@  @@`` P>      oR$6aMc\R$@gqDeGYX\b$샪m$-sL *8zb$w52D]a):U:Eb$p:Ez[OOb$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7c $ 3f@ g4kdkd]@w0w]ppp@ g4PdPd]@w0w]p@ pp? %O =William Monroe Trotter   50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6      Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House     Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versaille     }Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer  ~             Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stmt)- ''   @  :    ,  _                   /sxHH(FG(HH(d'`rV?2d( / 0LDTimesHwXwXw]w] p  @n?" dd@  @@`` x`H MsMS{|W MQWwX%V]b\GY,XHa$DhjF$3ejJԾ5ց/+}Étn8Ft^>oД`&?j$gEzPUx QHTVh9( ~RJՊcH,O;Ѡ[JbF~Dh4ВRTU͜T:jCNjJ KHJ恓 fšI88K| CZz۾Śto=|$ Vޚ}N:.f rV٢88 {#aE|rDY&-~0}'Oϲ^?l'V!1AQaq"2Bb#Rr3$SDT1! ?%+ݦR|mk4s6Bnb?1{)r9il&EBq %M٬u!H<֌x>bׂ{{𢈥`D$A i|Xy1 #X0zIƷ' b/p"NJ]0M5"ļrƺF -Xq=@<ј &Q|4՞EjrU؋KDøWu*z^8@ǩs2g(,hP(`嵰t4wz nuC&Kյ~B[< r+!" kIpp?R%:Ԥr_"Ca=_{oD;0,US}%dfFDզMnb?Xu_4CӪߍmcjD{=_ K,P%MV[|9&U4f=wٺgnjI-:HՇhLBߘ0xKN S@dP?BY'Ǧd@>Y ͒e}W/F^:TJR|mi+ݦG3'&2KTtXXݠˢChaJfu#Zᗨczc ͑)Ly≫Y&f2fFuI6ps 4Ϣ&傆2Af'OvHﮨc<@tJVHvs0#;vtz riaܠ$BkNS1o)'T{Ę8 oHeHQk)# /_ΙV_̎U(ل %b;0h_e ro>]*6ӓ,azFx[w=8U_M4SoU2C-*ƂJW(i;߼tW]E/ةգ3sPm;mEE~ >fSc<̛ncMu:Kw뛈`QsqyvǮ ǗVǿkۇmjv26[T^rBǍc 4H!}n`LX.28t[A7AP4c`WRmݴe)Q49}*Y{U~hTE]#(<+H _™s@@YCi?aNiX\oOmJJ-@e͸לe[K'G[q~o-u#SPݪ`_U9+ ,TN$vP:|>}ru[ԠWJi_vc,G|9{cm嬑NWIyatB0,Sr5],# mܒKR̤-=g8.Q{?U!;XrI$UaAWՀ7eOvi' wtۈ5>jَ.t@5KːIpRUBtk~a@hwxj͹&xdˣMG! |72 ÒkXZ 9=uGU' HĄom<6XF~n&6Wciw,0Vo/MLڋj³@HwUªN,=q{mwT~{Mŷ;ppk@xU5S;ZjRH)`K07ϲƶ\@b"ˣݾ9qG J~곙94ܪ*on ؍ċ#6ތ+)-$`E6?n;}]Mt,5(8ު˷! i.8gɱ\~'@ׇeQ=侾w4[g~#nM$gR>܋&MْɈ񬑯FyJIҫ޸mxyT.o~<iw2)6d3U ։ωX&9 @4h`sn$ 4،o]ldۗgmllqY{mܪ7Վ>qz /mwv8="DiZֿM3LcaF:H?/+`OڻwF2n6GyoW(smwR$@]ZVFǯ_G=ZΫxrsR/{9~^]J Ԯ_viJiw1 k@Zǀkn[wݸYr9q^[$IUw%PRﴆtTj? yVxoQo po*oavXdt bz(+3d6'Vw6^ R[}>ڔѸH*mHPޚnXP#]zmT[v6vwB6 ccXz7޲og-<{ \Q[ॹ`_,]Xn7z* 6ǶCs%mM̛ch{~>|/k+??QWo?? M:.TW7"wJi~SD˱Yb) Zj֮Pgڱc5xwb@quӍۍlۭo-Cf/ }E @`<47EʁVճnu-V[.vP(r۴JW/MfgH mVǨuSF647of޺ΞvZŔu\<+f]MuZŸ*1FlreƩq i'ӵ gt[ \6$N4tHnkFsyM{7M+d=<|8"V_/Am eXu*8ӻC jLf:rȁXҖ: e n9ceocBݗ/4wn~&MZ`p43^M r&A+7(wmw^ߗVVۦ&i]\Zqu(1R|mkؾl$\\;_QmK/itI`܋۫/Yr[xcۃ"%&V=ZJcsl?. q|ͽWŠc'M]'ȱW3XW:ѷݦy Vlx; }z8`y#:?; R2Ƿ:ktNc͆7æ&H5'Mg̛ tqu0dW>W¯eux* SPdqXFN]@Gej(e]iq4Oƃ ̹EoX[|j},}4h+j*@Ec߭5>>^N},Ƨ[|h3Ec{]cE/Qeq~?@*#Z>?Sc߭4 yCxm R$Wc|5(d?d+lGwWXtV5g>R#oݿG^*Ps>#u;]Uۉ6Zf]mRQ팬; 4zxK|?OEW]6m`C-NўR7H3P]]ޞp{!s}1gmkw|W9Rŵ3]F'E[ 8hHcrlgv/R/Hd-ajRRRRRRRnc> 6=liopPNG  IHDRhq2sBITOPLTE۶mmmIII$$$sbKGDH IDATx]b@aF`'itK      4R$6aMc\R$@gqDeGYX\b$샪m$-sL *8zb$w52D]a):U:Eb$p:Ez[OOb$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7R$Eeg`sc $ 3f@ g4kdkd]@w0w]ppp@ g4PdPd]@w0w]p@ pp? %O =William Monroe Trotter   50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6      Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versaille     Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-Am               Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stmt)- ''   @  :    ,  _                   /P   sx,,  c yg(,,(d'`  PD( # l  C P  Y  l  C t  Y  $  C A wTrotter.jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: B  s *f޽h ? ̙33   `@P( ؑ @r @ S P  Y  r @ S 4  Y  $ @ C A 003_sm.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: p@B @ s *f޽h ? ̙336    |( T4 r  S TP  Y  r  S   Y  $   C A4_guardian[1].jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:P 0$   C A 08_02.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:p B  s *f޽h ? ̙33  zp (   l  C P  Y  l  C @ Y  B  s *f޽h ? ̙33   $P( XP; $r $ S TP  Y  r $ S   `@ Y  $ $ C A 01_01.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: @ `B $ s *f޽h ? ̙33*  Hp(  Hl H C P  Y  l H C t  ` Y  $ H C A 01_03B.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:   $ H C A wp_aa_05.jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: `B H s *f޽h ? ̙33l  (( - (r ( S P  Y   ( S 4  Y    r ( S p  Y  B ( s *f޽h ? ̙33l  ,( 4 ,r , S P  Y   , S T  Y    r , S p  Y  B , s *f޽h ? ̙33l   0( X; 0r 0 S P  Y   0 S t  Y    r 0 S p  Y  B 0 s *f޽h ? ̙33Z    L( yz Ll L C 4P  Y   L C   Y    l L C p  Y  B L s *f޽h ? ̙33   z<( O <l < C P  Y  l < C  Y  B < s *f޽h ? ̙33X j( Q4 O44T R  3    Y   C d @  Y  x<William Monroe Trotter is one of the forgotten pioneers of the Civil Rights Movement. Historian Richard Hayden said Trotter was  50 years ahead of his time.  h  0 H  0޽h ? ̙33$X Pt(  PR P 3    Y  P C T @  Y  William Monroe Trotter was born in Ohio in 1872. He grew up in the wealthy suburb of Boston called Hyde Park. There he attended the all-white Hyde Park High School, where he was the senior class president and the valedictorian. He attended Harvard University, and was the first black American to receive the Phi Beta Kappa Key. Trotter studied politics and history at Harvard with the hopes of going into business. He became successful in real estate, and opened his own mortgage office in 1899, where he met his wife, Geraldine Pindell. Lc  &  ~   H P 0޽h ? ̙33 X zT(   TR T 3    Y  T C 4 @  Y    H T 0޽h ? ̙33X z X( X ȹ XR X 3    Y  X C t @  Y    H X 0޽h ? ̙33X z0\( X < \R \ 3    Y  \ C T @  Y    H \ 0޽h ? ̙33X z@`( X  p `R ` 3    Y  ` C  @  Y    H ` 0޽h ? ̙33 X zPd( X  t dR d 3    Y  d C  @  Y    H d 0޽h ? ̙33X z`h( X H hR h 3    Y  h C T @  Y    H h 0޽h ? ̙33X zpl( X  lR l 3    Y  l C  @  Y    H l 0޽h ? ̙33X zp( X D pR p 3    Y  p C  @  Y    H p 0޽h ? ̙33 X zt(   tR t 3    Y  t C 4 @  Y    H t 0޽h ? ̙33 X zx(   xR x 3    Y  x C D @  Y    H x 0޽h ? ̙33rl u ]{ E"$%'m)7+-?t.( / 0LDTimessIIFr`Fr`  R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kd7|?kd`r GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`r GF`rp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Mode[R %d2#<}*<'$]u17Y6hJ78g{~ObC͋?x1v鍷~r1tZ_2"BLԠ;RV ʘ3(D⊙JTM=Bd%"²/9 oc n~ZV r u~$ȯGg@\.Klz2R+Q[Qqnaj0!@/YZu>mۃ*B.-">t*ΒS:# D}$>MO$r3CVv`01ܧJ@[k̹)u3$!F+=z>JGٷtTe6BOSRVrE!n D&)` b8a_Šf\@pU0L+S3?2'KpXI "9f='# -Ib(XD@P\5*Enj*}c& rܗ i3vL-)?L9?8K) xtD'2& _|n9;⨩ޤ+W5?HvίhWo#Fέ戹HTk.ZZXYşZ]mTkARZK/}ˆ3"fss9 7Lf1Y<^DUX$z-1 {V謀ǰN å5!B(>eJC1UH: U6 ?Z 9TKnms-W#;CgV]r6Ur0Qi:(tцZaL(-eF , pZ` aSC~n";$>DGù*KۡvYD\2Xv)Ј0a5R-gfa6zzk6 ~@mk%MR-OL4RejNwc(Zz W _[yPyܑKaipˆ Ki@[&+ ֒z:o<p)'%$jG Ƿ`ε 7"pM͈:.=^b5WiQWSeQvXpV5Ul^йdpJ-ZV$V*R̈́escѤ%ɐ8Aܖ"Jk1?t@Fg85ef [26\SòCP͎]fF}M Eg¾eDR}, 컍J] ]L[K HB\Y;B=Ǫ[8ve!Gd K4H&d-6PqCg~zyl BLўJ:.0X X}ȽVFBW_w /`XEj]Zʨ$ߏ\)>f?g3G 9!s~m,'7W^YÐM!T؈[);@=Ϯ~H?2ÑzW^ݕ'1V䲱IDϗh"d]lYXE1hO:ǔ 'BPe .3V>PPuae"I,|7}* !=#w;,k L2a,b I iY=".,iD@F:%m+T,]L2(@(]ÛU˒|ͼOsX}Ed|ՠկgp.7z_8Rzr_1ӏsLo180@'tx l2 w͠߾#o}}E;?!!u/\U#nH"윒(4,p [%\ qH9Zj9h^vMXJB}=$uW5MИ!AbRo&AG 72l=ݤs̖ eI$Fh0u4zʻoeÀ#F2td fŀaFύQ=સ8sѬBXIFFbwLgPD*O[g bRzI͔EwwtaLeI`eSF|4BHIuhу=e){HGګy#E A̱F8QmH6+KbzV+Exw>d3Amʮ ; mlBMgġ7ZzZ <̛` A(]_Rcߤ[@U:a`!;|w?hը`ljOAlvݪd&P gD1Z $!3-0}6HIfl~u@YN,MI.Dh/7Vux}t޸oF%7d+x\!4me#5lA".aF8Z+`qз.O›m~v\ѵbw̭ $ln6}/{*awo@Ӕg>mV,Ξu/ѹ5lѴ4I$nKB!ZԃvTO9%*Ѩ8*zAs㌡KBn#[]YfW"@pCA嫞uu`Hпݿ^xmQ Ӣ^CCa湞B.¶#J$~$SO2o?3~񠡍tJ;ZcWwǃD"|x:1m嘧0jJ:tj [u6j[8b`nFH[+g5*(vd2/ ʔ(]_/C!sɭvы 7 W"Qrâ !"6[+~ZS ᇡj<-H4Py}ꡨX4*58(2OLr(.RmƔ LoI%҆S"`zˢ IDAT H̓W;hhJ8[ mjuH%Ajd7H:Yf^J`F5Ih]h-.bh>_4.ip5hy?Ga&GvhE#6nH,ȱlJU:$Y r[K xs=<OEk[rf"v BFU$`<|šu^Ueqc m@X zWB:m]ӝ4 Z38 wbE;lէvw0%}iv2@;cF1}(®EKA4]TϪ:5>OD!$ٝd7qӆ~ʼWK/<8 c^QVyC29bw}E8NjD50cʣT[W@S3ZqjI.] XBp#Y?jMQ>@Gjz3'pTjZXJg_M;c}% 5X,ϤSި!9_-K:#G4&S7#Ci5C7\ ihSKǼO>22,46'nbK5 VW$4awb)B$HSHc:^qeLBi+ >]襣EP%ӨFuyW_5Ys K@4^~`78(MwYf-!LRd?!UУ ^옶 ] Q kP6`T, mqm}jq B*B@mvA9|7Ӹo E>}SFZY tVOCY~M}~ӸoW+Nwz>WBh/GyX|y:mсބ 쫋y.J_%7sQ="FGzڙ8ed !Fhؚ*EM!&g ڇҁ z x&~fsU隚FCg Q!dI!#7$:r1'fPa[N3҈P YĖ Hx, T0,_M:*΢Dj!Y"(uGSt &C2ߛmq^R[Lr' 6jT'!<4ghe bngy (ypHvS56'j:aFT5-׼ЈM RAփ%O|])托H`GԠudаqe(Nv3Wb'Ǩ%OQ~blH&l?hۦ́2ׯ-$r#v(!g}]S"~(-nl`]㻙22 )U"j8 \k4VI@4O32b(/`miˆ(坘6ژ[ b.1+`#7o+̃GçzLvbsKrx)K9~ G!vVH,MdRm,uoHDθq~>`v?r۞?oE$Qv{fMuyOO0?w/*CIȣNޔ?pBvIK?V2Çl_;/)`|ΠMo #t;4wUxWe1rT'^1W `,|MmD>]g/sDoZ <^225aKg1Z Z8]cp+o"<90ͬdbDVr g~,]˽6l 79FJk?/{-ZթUFnisA7Ⓞ1i6a9BJ&WUBk f#1g}geW͘P[]I-<`]6 ~E4iY/^~ڈJVe 9mO #'7C%W ,m)H"g fJ/ } 9zNV;ЙZTvp@L s($GN<)(. ˩D*|(/go+b82d}8,Vo`qqE97tX:PS eVޜ ex ϞV+`T8=z7.e̫0GyMV`׿1{97xl`K8bFvCyCOfUx@&&Y`(qTf->-^2*#_g+Sm"_>^q~. S:]c qqatʤ˃<$l裇}_B]7[cDm5/'DMZFZap4бz8XT/2տQMQ+lMQ]=#@nZ8|py. (2B;)MV"_D wNJi߆zq]ٳ4ܻ&w\qVI3=us0!P49-`Zks_Uaً_>a??Hr$I'ށo 1;1%)ɴݿ͟8 H?ן: e4^bJ dM!Lj`~ ] Z+W.ilîa5urGi8hO5[ca-75EIiYDM"qbB]#@2U"_X. <+~YߤQC((*ac(nj 34)#q4YTͫ&(͌Z<x-) #8<ٓE|F18}W4eo'Q~[w2ix273$wbPrJFK$4^R+P)5-[}R85!Fb%4L ĈZrO[脫.ul(C=igTInGD;<9QA0ހ [DE)ʓEh9bLzڜ 3ւfu΁*끷v3VmK8 ȍwqqH%`ۚC\[GqKVm0(`y22U h$h>[1\wV튋6L67 -0,ţ_W0 t{Eo.\ ss78wcyc($lٹMqTlIF]:5]׸>I--xQfq.3p>Ӻt2tI!QK־qVm8K(W50^kR~ӰWmt|xlov\nlZnU{g|;o:quʎ*] ߣfȒj.(vk#FvlS@d0ab%cv:@:j kBl'q:xՓw |^2 k^ iYY6^8l.V- MrkP y`IGIU&0/$ύIzyiLL\!T&qn X}V6̅p$_P bG6t#ńr:3l,L rvuR]}kr! G8ц؁(9t-@@ $jThZj\[ U!^$l V9Q,9wf4H7C Q (HpTِ*vLʹda)0u\F0SnR} TZjLT9v@.u5JV"%Ϥta,3>=]q8QCW60z͎~<~(Q4+sҌJ@)2jl:YhcBjh/JdߦzϨy$)U Xi M㼡z㤡Qr~ CŔʳIsl\\fq?:+:#\D͊PVwP)9k}*Vk^jFzTEhSB#%Z#5Vdk #>z^d3Q)CgvDA o9+!Z{oN[6«&m&F͖ۢڨ 9b{sR՜w"~R \ęNWʠR['N=Yurm/!tY!wIZ;UZ Zs4/ &㰅Xru[(90 OM % 暪1q [N ՗%z} )ܯmfbIADuVH#j@j [VB}yzDzF 5 e-u|aahD};rCVƱ @HSZ ҫ\.ILf.tЭG eXގ!Ma/>!] АÛp$Zyc7#QYO '4lDj]ʹPmah^]^m!ej& m[]fO Іدv>]Oަ -;֜*C/^v_ٕ=ܞ w/GI?z,S(vn| DZP e|GOR jl{#seez/nWpy0yQw?Tk) ;_g>0&ݾHw{aG <(z ڽ~'Y3EA8U@cZT vK@$V]$\pיEL Y˷* ͶcC;ʼQ9X M^PQ^ Qŕ $K[h13Qv 2y-7m{hPpfѧrݯpTbӡu\2D] JE#-T 4B*.O^,a6Eq+RX Q(̮vo`/]W;f5!Dx/\ׂ=onoF8`,~ibQdt2Qo$9 3wC-"KU@Y!뇜Դ' Sƞ;|JAKz><] FL4>ж1dǻLLRMv![Df9|x,ZVjS%pfǿLln|}2}Ul[K)x 6 yιZG9r'i&ps3%w-"J)c5퀍V*Pi=sHA#SA^Z,zPb=l;kmF͹y5qP.3ag2c͔t1g妨(񅝈 a}3d^M85>a켵{J:qrGnWqlom/q^s&ch5Rg] M/Y * ㎇!Ga4bcهEAw)/9_2pZdy찞1nF y>04Zv^#PWC't< -pEOYj]="gM !$n33ǧk\Gww͔2^ߍӤ۱KȲ5>$E!fqBN]\sc|l9pr4 Ȧ':`ꗬ8%te+b5 OZZ^CzX2GNV W&I62ч*9yjf:% ߲w Dui>g PSцJEQjM9Պ Pu7諸cv)cN%Vh< @nfrZAm\F\a>>ȺΜS,^^F/<[l)34v"?lZ Q a=A۵ZG^lnQDŽ`l8 QkvK(%1#P&y LьBl IDATS-e #Y#?hh?\sX@XvOݭ{пb%Aڸ1 =6#dbiHE8[1 զ X"xᱴ`ec8y:e04̵0D;Nٹ}5fd4DU!NJjOarf%`N. {udt,@8Pp+ >uY[De.M3ZA\]x\Ɗ}&px\qڣ3-'Nl6xq5>2>3`2NtQx^zxBq_Ux^^ ]!c$3;yHY ,˂GwHFM ٽSOyH 7]$Nsy[pw9_mx`VJ.kVS$aEǞV1?P#2m6k?hJWQ"?ƋZPF!LC|0 oB)U1N $ ` DeM[hN5O2S"E)ĵl֮ίA^វh`ZiLέZbm?İol O5 ^04956Y(.@ [|fģЕ9W-DihWx!ub!\lSz˲集-$q{«ZjZ^oZ`<"-e=t QX$<7,Dgh(hX iYNV6 s`:m^/g$]l`B.%F'ی:QX+{hňuu^C|\8u ׸%q/zlO>ih)Uwμ1uP \Ss4` 5>lVñ4E$@[lVyL<·Oguuy(D0}v[7/"-!T(ZKUeVvJԂ *uGX!_ډzH?mV1't8,9i0vo),խ ^W$k.Hp#bXܠ%WPny2gLH@RfXu uh? e sgK_Qʘ%8v,@eRHh6RkNy_lhy1?ڳ#3c^dzN`8GIIY4YugE(Շ92wI7a}9 .WMVL봂!a),ek5N"iVBKjNu?muj6mlbN-$nK 8Mːn"9&yhG_BDnj;EBeb0Ui/J/o״ܻbΒP( JHn>J dfT.)w5ɴFjZUvFm>`1tB6@5;$ȒAK\ rtx^{pyK5$ď ֔qGng#ȱ=M :I,Wka042aVp83iRbKG3,tkteq_$TRjt0uIg敳Y[vjk[0E io XjyC@:ΑYfq:<{/@-a@+ujkk{HlAKC/JD/HZFES|L*5~Q7!M]2k5>7r<5>>^qйBCSC4|vL{TwM(ѰǺ3;ru߈No]Z|T8ehum1,z#4=B G:$@]7<'8@qóf?Bjq֋_d)^nXM[Qafq'q"(BwU'1/87Jv e gȻv$?V=g%{a<֤Z6]skEnVkF }t,TTE* BJ #Hff@رZSH-52Uù._Ih>>O?H<vAi^"b"L-lWX5_Z1!TY9b3eSXY+ن,-:;[ L-^kgX5\ l TqeX3}nKCgp` C'3V-0b.9nqc$8 OnlSY c f PrpCj|gď6hP4Y"2 (]֥i'`ܡe]=RyG lJ|%ɚ܏[_˃#5^xB544Gî#v%Pq;4m"&T5#$Lh \DŽN{ &]5" hS1uZa}}sF6 ?Ɔ@hq̅ZwoPψ Xhç\#f.23 j (o& 0zT@04%35R`!(lLfz,2o^ӑ!Ðڞ Z7#"DF oxKLQ;M&ȕgtZJa8WFòP-[XHfeQ-0:T/ЌtH4a DE=prԩO[QX^1*5&Z΢~7e +74xֲ$. ֦ .>wBWd-A̾1{јmgIO!N@s;[L!)Y9%KBԺ̤Xg\ e'8~]t( סޕ!:C>O8"2쮓e-|Cd@9jA }adÏśк-"⢈˪ٽlov09ͤ.\Ɩ 'rHzq?9`9?WdMeojSTqP~l(;}LII_[v*R{N\#b9l'OhMexqRl$z>eNܸ\=2|ٽfhhzƩx"bk kWFnxVm(~)P\(,<&kg-v V.amO\?YH]$L7ڳW*Z^kD%*F8'gds_g`nT/Uf\Ìy,櫼N*ocBŽ )4l Jʥ(QK-,3a7un;8".b8,"=9pyi8j5ɱ(Nz8St9.@<%ޱ|Iq\%A{?rY/x),46\eg4,3tPĭfwqC:Xa4.!ۑ%gHɀ( ـ-K;iMa8U~@)˕x PcA߮p-I}z*s} wJ!ÁzDwLFAۄhȽV깋Qwy&yʎ[bN_j}dѭVăPd{ /7>d<|`ȕ'#u|BH'oj<՛pYK:Y(_=55%;*a"IyYs|[quqǸgF/y3>bshTbL̏3F!p8#$o\wܐ߭z?rSfN5}&*#L|2[)PBD6YǑdX˛ut3ƜèL ᮎa8gb|R9<=4"Vwc$\&Ԯ:L;h5 x0Y4JT? ~ԇ3w `]p?;O..Í,D (d>2ZcU/{2݀v1IbO?Þvmf{xB%e M9CK23O3`qbhxM8ghvdԽ,zeH6?PjiNeҥz#݂v9=NVePK'Gv◆s),T:iȹXr+]ZsfrnF~38fd*!Re9Jo6ģ *{P jXjumM甌84" Y JrEQPgCӽ^7eW쳖#srkG M&dlH֬ j`' ,Bj> ) by7?`i4 ||8olx`F5s r]]y>z*$uT{4IGُcp?qjF `Fi*au`]eQsTnK  GM )XW g=~Ԡ74$]r? ;K*Z7Tϧw CqV[2Ck4i>"lB=`p劲QWEa#-j:;5z?^r8khcjf6Z*Ίx /F+V9Sv@B,9tSaUHwfa&%Z7%+/_"zoͿnh&/- #|jPWo @::EA9D$B:rmPLy '|&nq)1{ߧC^-m-U#O1XXۨ+E{MԆ>;mNݓ_ehN.G C9"ƣךXv̔=k.mm6_P>%t]#E5OdIbF )*g"}zsySlK_w2 wӆ%\h?oޱOZVK,{ r2ESnd(!@228Ɩ|=jl *H aruJ42*̣ PfF3NO6pFn:'fv+13I cd,9?87YCyih }bE,FٻUzwN)VӖJ,9jȬjPֿ2/=6s >b1&1ͻz=%Mxpew:E3:3BCg=' # ֿn>)VŎX[O* ڛk㳅Q:%p }GAya |MCsb/@MVɪRPiH0j3sGq0K͘$ fS_v,>d~&7Jذ':YomcW\>tA/Cx† =F-oax=x3GF 1䑽kCV᭠RUCCCLKV)VV14D(E.,4~u^/mZ4^ԭDMa!drtz[Ш&6zBHv#ÈX$M>Y605%M8Q]jl k >9c굠5C4_no.иxLƗ; mmGO53tq(; 7ٛ9g)CU!ZNzL#Fk};;Fb 4jsOK}k3hހxBR* ,:8;P+zWˮ9K{[F dZY^KUSLC':Ɇ^3Z-_3z+ڥ(J<~4`3 E湳Hq[[2 =8QKFة.B  D}cF;ޙYj-PfXЈ:2X uCYן^K=Ts1qbڂAJwa?>ԏa)eG}IgWKC{]?.Wi_<1oy< )'('?HweyO12a(t%OV#G?(P=0RZ0kiS[<ˇ7sCeK0?^?`IENDB`nwpxl>}Rϖ{ PNG  IHDR~sBITOPLTE۶mmmIII$$$sbKGDHIDATx]۪E 㫽%3ΙۺiΩV3mkKn馛n馛n馛nI洁/s:>fOcypu&Hׁ8[?BΪYr3Ęsh9/ƌܶ`=[mM9x_Mk5 /Ӄ1XPZqT]zLOF Mmk^Ęz0_,h216cs[1iX77pV[񵿚1 DXZ'v9Jfd by0V›R,0Պ)cq* 7Twxciʧ8_OHTj/KƂ'}Itt:kGat|wU>>OWtM7tM7tG˝s+:9cD~tD0b|xsMai1\2cL\MƷK瀺]pr1C wG|(2*HFib'Vi^%c#܊*pq\*s$T95Whj\ic 511OJĆ2W0n4B^b۩: PxmIC`|n]0T źQ8nBLLubW Ι]/SƮ%=KX#i)lL6p(Y08L b|ƴ~mT|7Kkt{<4"o:*r3Ԧ &uXP4Ü?Hdc9plP^TC3,tf˾5S$exF&{LB ӅtXR̰nH_HjwM7+HKy71|^5e"ue^GK), 7gC}ajsc$CH,eZ&,kL=*/ԣE<3 0`Du"<սL#祉I|GGE3i̫t*LVQVߡø|-ВM<aQll_W1 9ٱrjr:?G8m1ܻYԆ2 k$9W1}RJk %28aڋgA+X25(} 3;RHS.p#`Eu =@7Ð x,- R ;v.& 1d2 @#T% U.1c-hNcYFCp&mJt+셾+h.\cXсiSn9hZ={X&#!h(5L01dSPplu1t99#ɂL`h𐦼 em<٫'!튩hGթ U $ė..ΏE( dBBGe(÷bt[ᣎs)%ʚuˀě@ eEV87d2ArJ)eq@~r4.66*23Kf+fJ߳lǓ6F$,9R ӧ#i[u!!7&6N=N&CV+mTX}1JǯH#Ak,+1E'ĀdBO 鷅.")t`W-#4*])kGVGh+kZjȸYPLJHQrj)eKGntx GpSCFHφ>+e ;.}!F0p[BZgȅ,m kbn":?40-FTZ[9B4 /b"ݮF=oß>'?E\yL$k@vxs&r[AU_'l; ۮ' -HPbXz%&Gg^}怒#n~)4B`=&%%HjŀxM&_uckAQth )tFzouY5uD,U.I9DU= n3yl:7t)q%JI*E#vZ"vDwv`3-Sp0 ]C*v}ZXG.RMWIZ+:[j绳Ț\WǁˣYDj< h'(t N%fjٵUFJ&{25;r! `aŸ1 ?3DŽtW&\⟉$xhő0h|*UZ#Z$ajg;0c Dn1$P;bu Ƹ` vP WOAA-iA+;nGY>^f`;/X\NZboK:ʩ@$ؕг//a3yö<62v}V=`ҸqYTK[WdN=5U- *!\qLXthXxcFS 1KJ_1, ?2s Do˲ֿK3<5G9z*OR) Оl&?Yz6/҄ Po"΁[XRrih- ёPn MaGG;Vc#`oZ72XHb=B,{h.;j^5cدƾKOן>kf&DV|E WQhFx25㐷":j? ~ZzWD+񣠃k<]l/Fh{rPV +`S{JWFl˴v;2Q!vLEwfPoчBE=vNX9'k;2d[BFsAyfӆG{rsf^|>- Iѣ@ܽpC煱ag86fk>T]@5Pr?Ŷ>G‚F܉ J`j o#%UH*ցpB ÷0-rV(-5P{ x'TL$O̺feEkg.ڊ ]/}GK⿓oyzP*H|LyrE.[_1PLpy!x@%빥\(Fg-,V)纎rcF7q{$ NCQn-=H M Z s)&.o,͉ aZ˙8J$g䐬bҳ",2`4TLyUQ\?jqnYWb:ʇex[?:݈\74>w0O%hƂ;^=^tyM8}[~/Me|WReP1<׌گ* g/O>4okWW𯟰b;.ⓧPSJ}.ϛ;d3,tA-NrM,^S*M@vYcU^;zGNl^nfa+mW2kol 53Oeܾ-vQ@.q$S[e'nKCHG_ä}K0+|QެCB¨9iFdEvK$ E]s~W,tqWQgqYdۙV^-D_ew:\} Ⱥ̥)tye[UW{mWQ"0®[L~1_1=H|sO6GY>)-/ HנU,;PŬ+}eڽUFG;tI ߺfΨseդCJh#J(&wwĆP!WlezR@8nt$WaI6n3sGU_$I umD$Pu3Mb=m_{[O Ȏjcd TdS lL\gbb&J۬t-!tq֤R?y}*6|80?O9u+ut\7M }6)( 30wUyG ]b qGSǗϬA;ꋫLMU#r%Mm׀9xfɟ=Gvht$\+*q8dmmf?H㦻'CV7!=AgCB7LျFc4olQzRt pLCm)b)EQ։뻬>jZ]BӃF Nt>5i7U:to0Bg/45aPF2Z߿Umx'Һ'H|t<:uJ'~V@}܈o]/tYñ~TITz4Zz8 SsZGKaA|\;HzSktWk7Ye ź|Ԛ֗H1()c 񯆣ta#<Ӆ@;~b?t`s`IqZ?tUAͣ+|>f#S5j]p[#:K2>-:|AҜ>z^@?fb1b?^V0YS1jk{mHtF h}g[T8@()&xneHNF@u+wn@-D@R0#a /刬:)&υAZlp%uM1ȭOQ!xǎTm'z0:UkNB^5b_S`CV=ml٤zE q0]Y]Cx%()R²osJGCu|z?8?}ѾM@OO׏jz6'l]Tn~U%~ܟi? xT~ RR&MJ# ez#w|c#hJř#JA*;h9㆙bCz"S+w2y}G8hfh/lSK=C K/]}ńZ 0%SW Q '.^4;[VUqTA`u=_գ$L1}c8U!f0~ b4! JNJ׊Pր~ٯI' ):KTTxl+e9+^R04Ďkv ˵~)Ut0z^ Oј4sXYs.,%M/K<9*e6AܰA. o洮Lt{Eg}.4w]!J݁OLМ&V$yxnݖZVAEGYD5! um2K)Q㴴+f( }LЋXX{=x`zZBU5/RLMlѢGWt[ާ%.ST7r_sjp%e'Ekg.̷Ky6' vRW?+ e1'ldsI+i#2]@냀JL U4_XB4]+{h#5+ļ9cnc|~v/zT&A4jgƂ{[I97ߡy Ծr^Љ[lgs?}X&h~^(l/ [R@>/ ָ8( lx|qt=D!wS}t~B@]eҠ\u˓) %F%ePY%瘀&yɔT?Ec/vd1T0s7%yg':hᱥ(!d3gz$7㌀SM1/66q܃ΆݨuDI:n>qB)]^.'G4i7)yvP# 7ٮ3^=,`E8S65(-F'R"1LU@c 5'twHcP=PU@yPTSJ[fFЍiN{S֏oZ4vwahJ@*rκOՐ8>^ScMU.ݡ qG9N6г퇭B1Y>eD4KGj礷Cb@ 3_>[2:VCVO_ce;^ lئyA@wnP=1ެ qgVr؁ٟ?о!F\0U'3esRnqw ;iB- Xo(N_7vWB iMz~EMռ mGe#˨*UCcY6ȥ6\9[n5(1l6=S4al\!c-$ |+U6G.5W<k \SARixvi3{h|ZU zayT6aaǷŖzf/|(Az,) 9 H2վ'MTUQlwwC]tT}w::XD"LRַ(͡otp?F8X!$l) NUZVlwjzx,#M/Az%Z![vUpli3S1!*'va̭Ĉmw[6~#s"ƻn,Ab3 oq$m{P$!PgڟӅkuWI_Zլ)]lʃ'ALa RUuQHs (Ngϧs>lUҘ"+!n/Mx ܯfTzX"gIm:BB M}4C&&`ԍQf{C! 8e"66Mad~-P$p`"qmZ@lvS$+gڼ̀{Y *NKdZ3x?QŵmJ0SОZ &z(PdCL0  3pDTJʳЦkm3 ɽ qUE>{[2ٱ<=xgقPz<׊M%oc׬vY1M>D0l8 nf+PҘ#yCW]MQ@@B'qQ5Hmͮnݥ]'FP[}%IQZG.6l<[}HaaH`9W A bݏs2 4~ڎHϣx!bkN|(r34UHv12-:>[sfO +xWS/u(! HR5Wo8#z)8m1;v-7U@ibmQ?ȷS$@/sXM #]F{&z\@͜ f)iԙSd+GrJV&e=*SY~b{-Oh[I%ܣ$Rv2*#cϰR CiMo6QZ !3?վy.gfAZqJ5.HDaxo೷em1~Tx7C mQݟOĉcUN^}M=th`n[ NZ:M[9~Ύ?EYMP$a40!DTl[6r( vjcy9Ѷ, 4[1˞WC٭"Bnp/&NlPWJ/;\eT4kAN SSBEQgr X99"! ߷b+p{B!L7nt!fpŢ'aX(nObINۀA' .lu.DY_q҉N|6P ;T~OPVBMM4Ӣ)٫S?=hwL-mdž |QHdذ'mfsB  wǔnim9?tP` hvguޝ<xT\r^PWmEF0cP?e9L!~98# ccEnNsl.oGG|S-9}/FT%:=mf զazYnۗ8p{,?}UEI)uZ]|"MY^Y}9"u톁% †nlۉr˚({{y[6&qZ7i#+d2* ?3 Cvڤ% >F<(lW(I@ǎOrN)>SVPm PpKF9A,ulBZkFyd c ,KV3'1;^P%Lɀ7 H[Wjϙxā:GI vp5PL joΜPc՝P(Ϝ;gUJ! !CP8dkg" 4|nx9CMkEwՔжg"xśE0 (uBr!e3}fNaZfN\X__u{dg[R*?<_ IDATwI ץuk,ҮM#=6w:-a&p/\o+^m>2Υ>ˍ9t!;E&*El>@GoVW- !lhoƭdfՖt&zѢhgHV'QAف P']]b':7 -toHtG&&hѲutƘ M2*%Elom3fb4PP8h*v0DlaK/S.3#% pw-WpH|&8f2'D^lꙐr0p=R@h,ߔ lDlc>fMv L`Q=AenYаh6\A\|RdS$R&.1+#Ҷ* HV``z{v5M>7qU9`F?`qm$V IjtX{f6C~r 7쇋ap\o3o%cif^f](hsSL@,L-?D55]<3kQDUGɑbGeF[vPVȓctN G3橊~DGM nJB17|`Sn @ii$vOKV5O{9=% cD ɣ?K t7/r2gRn֩T ( n2Dl'rt0ժS"WnTt(ESǁ hqE]'ˬ5ÑY<%G&![M:'ف6pūکkDoHΞJhuxE9L8 m"fĪGsRgfF-dIPq`J@| ͞?)ڢ P,[[73@aH Sp5||H8Zۻ !]@3!J=3.U>ק3yO {m|Bha^.&z{H+̹vb)te{m'\C:jEѝmfkf!0qm2nCepy.s1Lo@>{֔K݂+s K} g&YeN!HHExNraG^VP F3 G "-9.q~FA9. Jnhڃ)q"Ss&V@N:˨:'vP5 W"G5GYo'ҧ; e1T 7Dr5t-JW) ^6d:k GP@M'DRYcw̝"NeHf ֨,Х'ո,/Ńp=zɢRu[Jmn[л@^7HB$gFP.EmH~`h% Ȕl#du+=aMp3Њ2o2Pr(ձ^)n/)E9:|۳R _7#_6/{ sʋ Yp.mqs ,l ǩg?kM_Z~bAab-{,( O dZGE(3k4%S4S}:@XˑUQ=5SXoLGiyޥYᬊMUlEY5t} j'+ԔbZ&ES; oT8WE-&闈| )'4taH ljRQF'tɮΈcp}gWe.v+=!%᠀y>FG uAɰ&y N`^wlHYl p'EEע9VC 5{BC\iL\iO#Dv3z>u3oH@wO@qmlkc,bҵ2țZE+!$uE}Vw*@Ҿ |ڗRo=ʣ|p3L cY ˧s?( 8 Kmb?\P)}` p_c54Q7g֏pz(Db۲r_Db֡,XOwEh[W@x-İ4&R(ɵ6l5֭0.iTMAPT~]Q%l-0 q%t|Q#ʪ@ Y'MHԋB+A2^h[~ DS0reG-h-R[lICr[bipҲtzԸ!ILfLQʮ}CӳʒNpS&ǨD"uz$YUr lPY)Y@R%`IGŌ25oY'; sVɧ|^HuR 68\_me;k*xrU6P=C^;?X\1(Qx9{y/DJM3ZXbI04'gEOlFh t0uQ^GJls)'աˁYE %xd"~K$f֛Q)ۻ>OV؎~?p?f`~7ψkJȷ ?<Py5bqJѤ·zY@nQy͠;N?W53ql$u v1q~;׌wW (XP)s$8ٞϮǹ)_չ٠t{zpcs \ 1uMeSB=R|y~ hsm`;sd{֊֒Ӱ¬( Šy:6h BMa`~~!Ngw['qzjY ԠH줁QqSM =>yYzT\V.Ϝ`z8Sȝ:dv̉hLjQ.)pwO0NEuRp.W\T% sFwZYs1dڼIğH@T x;m8vC*X9G6P8~e TZu9% -缠@Re^XsN@E%w VD2Z{~bAXH ěIkE) .D%M h=}| QSCm&-M2KFX gzR5ImR|M"?QaaҗgC@s>0S_X|"TU ߡy[j[ 1)◀Me*;6"VcmYw۱M:.C&D&` %G.*kXխҩyވM #ԟ+\1e=yqdI*Z͐U1iaLl D!{VE)ew°덀v8F[LsrNk,4* 7AP9AGQ(S%/E62huEI,1` B^,Q[4W16"ɍmq)ܐ*;?RGhLgEg[+=Ɏ$c:*c-Ѳ""TgWQ/߯3B lh?HȡbT0@j=̬$, S1!@X4z%鶢:oג$[yNjx-' 볆At=-eiVXWL<%{ɗwfl{SZO[Fb!)eXH׌:,]HUm!`eX-~nu&uQOi;(Zo Fҭ.?j:|x7W2AWRv~E2jBQH%jR/tKQR/IZ϶g'ёZVFRݡ #B͊8{4+.1l%2G.пap"ґZ))♝I`EsRWĂ( }DJl:DYfJb0ŕ`fO @i_4! .W$CA*ZZJ?}+\`ŒaJ ŗ1*DG RbCΜƭ]{];xVUG.xO OBnՁ06? L+V{񢙬Q߾"T'?.W,kj4dD'd/&ժ?N_n[ByV=;mUvҙtl.n Y>Uvv$+(5R}2J{6&rP`V%,+f-VDb1.Zo75%Yͯ;W%}(`~8OXךQcTEHtq3LV9µ 2E_0& lpk9i^ܩ ϒL}79<* Ā\ h qnI]X$Л{-ьAX*6 W U*XD3]a]F\'UHL@kB:"Y!r<I+CfRa0a)iɕ53up 6i^Cݹ(qQk5m&1B*8[)R^mj# apw1F|W9'vMDz#6_ݕe9W}4<= _1[ Ϋ6?&~ 5\CqH6fP'\v#紭vz6y>ǜKNBk'ݷ&H]^!%/\nVgUS ˅F)Fڞ*=s2L aAVo~OTˍf #$D),2V{%l ٦až`n4E(Jlu7'LL)y ?Ka=EK0:e5l А=':r5hQ7Q_sW#X827Y3"!᦬Yn\3S+J*ԨN"Fi1))UxXT\tFY5C Bb/pfP.c*> GB$V5gWc5"}r bzӯx|"+ts/rحPJܴH(&T(ew dxR[$kR3P"EcPIhƋ"P]*mX!hػ(K$rRݥ6@hY t0:sپ,:9C?A>aq9$C#p1xAlSI}[ebF@1m73H ͙vn#łP r?P[5x}סplGEZY ؤb/ c#)J;\6ݜ210IJLVHʼgK(β#Ӱ4٫㔢$HѳP)$bsEȮg@) 3ta%Zf Jtͨ4M"šI(̒ͨP(i*ŋzHː>"ᯈI';<?f5nouD$ 8@AsXajcI(mα㉺sXoaחw~t#PԿV(>\Օ!N (*Oy}A[cb7Wt|剛96̏'Ov(_ZF'<4R(_+ɗTz<þQ4=ai4e|f1p -&aFꭝ}~odvq-ʷ({*EZ_.\ۻy~qv is]:,;Y;zeOK1?NUEʄ`ވ:^%@& Ea|̀8w"jԠܗ;*Qw" |cTu͙01 ωM]o(9BCZ%XiU٭|(%&×'#|IGK"MSC:IfMh?6\X%T8jPF@;_~QQ\H8̕U5*idKLJu^};*Fdf]t:D* |C^1w IDAT"m>b6G 1/*")BMI2j.k F_ֺ>B%sYoɂ!ۗ#r95\%y_"oRLq)5 emBb23 SP'aǶbVi >Xfix7P[D;M/ޛ.yޱ3 "sc{2djs5-:"34)BhOHHI*o kvJآbytV ӘU NQeywm{nkwg54D%Q?`eASd%$,NmYQ 7FM (L[>xsV:Pɮ)K\@juq(ؓz.ӂāwѮg13P`e){#JCg`gbD(- lBs8)Q|~gc-o4Wg{|Gv`y@J0\qzOu$B03q$gD4Y+uKZIlRtQ_',D#ϗ`$ğe1D@N:"9F0 > |P %kj Zo{w+XS-4R +jq'/} $y6oc? 6wiN5o\*nJ]1 '<*6%h\@MX Ta|͞63eH^j*SqKwқ۟tv>ejx6Q {%sFY &Vgj,<~п'\EI7 X F&u N}h^i:@ t&d*pP8>N+1 aK4ꢌ)1Po&ԵTB\ n L6[lgAŦOKZʼ7y5KzDA|=%@Rԑ(F򇔖p=a[FjȜFt q_ʢ~T\leOR]j&P!]:c>wX-C5dbRVoׅXȱ1 +,hXʬP .QsnF(*.` nAgrKZ"iFᘅʣtGX;+\/nՑ~鋣Åh 1D &MKp`6HR mp{mnzKs;k74Tn(˭nF|.=zlvI Z)KлZZLîL 7̒K'&B1ht+\զձrٛWbsCQ=EweUl^:}aAi`n[~4TvLM2T5Ԉb$=G,ع6wךE'ӕrӦY`F:HLO5Q% >ן:;4V݄Zjm[Z}MѶ٤6UᘊIJa.H3Pn@i`ZX6%:T$MFM֚w>RjbrXHpL\_|[P2}.,iLTuMbvd/~IrKX!o.?,]-D[ ހ0}ڌCs˨!) TXRd

}63í- X(!;EΠֵukԳ÷;ɍ4 5+`"E4P]3E/(+67KrrxQ'kퟡ>iKkEs+`: ĢavxJ]JӬt+WYM,()sseA<*lgfޑfPyF@;`RV+bM6J*Z .\QQC0]f< X5b} ʐu_:һYEnHN#,K/h'#TPUF֨rU<ȊQ2@S[k]V'SJo)!VPw1&zf_rc>}T5Y40(B'"$IλEq/Rqǿ@Wv+;8m:Zr!* NVI0(^hIfT=^nn+#H v! N3 huza_n .49 F);Kh~;3FCO9 &bBZlDiuV;.ІJ?4YI4e=RaGttݑX -~~Mt(ЂW*# [7'uՃ| 1bdSP@] .*!BI带LS.˛] O584 @Эjij="h$ ĸ& 4j0t%-*Oyk NjӁ8nt0f4A` tbR# jP]de4hȜ$C@$D.'݇e 4P0P@c^Ɇmj&jl9]A:,责Njc-YqԽuH\6ܦH5 &}5`X]\ B7ԖRErBMB+v윩1{/JYWupmܙ?4Vjg_iNo+?V%B!ږޣ1$eRu\U) ҳw ϴ澳b =?RIENDB`F p)i'JFIFHHPhotoshop 3.08BIMxHH(FG(HH(d'`8BIMHH8BIM8BIM 8BIM' 8BIMH/fflff/ff2Z5-8BIMp8BIM@@8BIM  k JFIFHH'File written by Adobe Photoshop 4.0Adobed            k"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?v{dxBO-fQQ#O{!~ٝ~I%D^0BHYk YkOնg>ft{}|}'X )nM8>粆?Ə?jW/&A,ݹq3d3w9 ~ʜ?7mH4$_X_A7~g<}Y+3^4t_[.ufLھ}7Yc, ц79$=ޞ>O4vtŬ&{ }\TNBƎI@pi%?흦4vH_Qԍt&5H't\ƙuY$dkX1neW1/ dHL[_mKao,[7]Sje͎1l%5 ]_&}BksvUzn3[4fP9^3qsF}`7g8zCsvb̡Jf=X.}̏Rk}?z~&ul㿨K @}kk~i)|-XGNe R8sl^!}Wq4Sӟ'$;ײ˃I7@O$$RI%1s׹6GQ, |RpUOs\dQt@IOl;&eY}AN< ͫsl-:4kl즸qX82{%Ֆѵ;{}N[}w4$cg|c㸾hHofB=V};Ds7}63뾰}URj86m[~j/HOUֺ=g( *W%ogڲ3F nevN9ޒ[11ZXUZ74cg}QgK0}2;cf{Yvmv?W~ݰd6\o7}jJ{c@$5Tw6v!aYIINp e+!BdGSRG[!ZxС=-%?8$K4-5|EH#O GR}.;*8?Ic۹dz^eVZ/{K=΁$nq..|N!=ٷo{CGy h}wu ?²d__c}fͬ_RUq=[S5}k 6cnϧ_XzPξkn"G i%%uzo)YgW{MeBHcgw8; .Uu^8me+ m9SӾޚL[qdKbqYm[YKvޥs Cf?,~Iq8}6@4=O$u; Kdד˨M柣@?Gܯ$ܫ:#v:Xiλ%|V6i~*u?\յZ@n;UVڬ5k 808ܻn&4n~Nu%epWeW<[;O{Z$Hh. IaAxk+ĵ I)_N;ȁu-)) 9TvYcCZ걇ʝgToK+k<kvh ěY^5Oh~.~J}>U~ulƫ5hƲs۶⏥=Pɯ"o-{Zz_;:WCQ2=g=ŬǴk[;#[߬ YcN ѦnvQ%J$N±[IkISeQq vfv͸TPo}L?{~rz- \`} [Y#_Yͼ}Yo{ [Y?JGv0isìZRSdHus wW>~EnA/՟RSoT1\;YStq]pK?Ic}}[{̾ܞ>gII>^'V_{1}YoKױR鿳>Dn"y{%} ; ^O5Q%3(Vkx@ԽnXV2;'8BIM'File written by Adobe Photoshop 4.0Adobed##""     " ?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?ꝡQ.'LJ d&bJJX<# IL=BG!=ho,F;4.3 JJu i#MP+γZ}3[g4ƥ뤧 .1z ,h~[ĤLqN+ a$~$!9A)@#D($\[ Hi i՘ /kRR>'@d pdcc%2ꙿe²9 u~iK*_U=]; Y鶲waXue T:xs+.k>=ܪ'̆Tڹ%%/utcu*odTcc%pmvbz YȒI$I&))bT * )J)K^ŀwY-Qcz B={(:SB?J[ʋm9R }ʋ K%W9͈iguS;xG{2{# @Hlh%%6F2Mk˥Zx-e,s wUf-.}qe7:e)F55H c;hK_^,oGIMJD&!)I%#sU;+2愔[$/(.>Hn$|$+l#ȀU2$U#ְ9[31X\O $n~h8Ou]?MZk_]p'$P;1!SN=@QzIԺf&njpqg^>ڹ,,?eQ/:?IL' ۸wrsk2ՋKa89bcdоnHH6f3)Gﷅq`Q`t藓L*2VYIL!RR#ʋT S8I0a˴\hjNv;kY:8Sm=ࠗÄRw :;:s\8k*o,fϳ e׈'&w8ho-INE&^̕׳e\?5k"RL{ƵRv0Dv IOqzs+b<sB^L_E [K -v ҈䔈*d)2*saT{tIA71:ے%5\v^W'Vexinw<t'%1HFE@$5Ť8r e1{p6n1[S#)r>cFA?HցG{gJ'^ԫgLv= &&w{˷v~Jyrzeëwo?F *^,d>+=> )+$6Dr\Ks Xl)e^VwA#S[e+ݯ)XxŽDN)uPurdc%ӻi+Tղw>sǒɀYsrǍ? )Ѽu+y?SZUf^AI$yII-|5V A**Mlys@kDZϭޛw&ujP﫽SdI6m>ߤ)q.HIՓe+c̆Ts$hͭ t*URRQ| <K#cฮUv^CkԔ4; 9ln"G};NY4}a/IHCi{5 OU@C΀5Ѭ"؏4&KC.])'- M7. mISM[8f&%S79i)O6ђn<K,[SG!; [ I%!ǫUB88RR' * r %? ByI)+ ŒIO Ku%|Bl sC}Q'P4SnHwُM,tSNط?J~ڟEb$]"7pE>Wg7jI);~6l.qampi$S/I%>ĒS6&٠F6#ї8 /L).;JFIFHHZPhotoshop 3.08BIMxHH(FG(HH(d'`8BIMHH8BIM8BIM 8BIM' 8BIMH/fflff/ff2Z5-8BIMp8BIM@@8BIM eqIJFIFHH'File written by Adobe Photoshop 4.0Adobed            q"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?{Ga2kaUBI;:xެ`}\>{m ZXt78C`;殻옘0>䐗V3F?NFNV'UŦauWX<lϹm. 'EuިjѺkZnkwbJzs}VDO3Ƈò&3^|%9 L@qIHȶL JƋ UinRW}f=vƟ \hxScn3zwN&nB~jֆne9f%Sz@W*rKx*lRSjdvyV=S-jS6pi-SSgcqa/_$Zϓ}.8FnXW_u+P$nk%EmduZZG^^Alw0-<9%N@nCq#th]l=5L ֺatuEʵڞkaxCs(t9[~wZJ}kfՀGo.gOCk{_[/ksqݻ>adדV;Ѵ֮vVD5miZonԔ'֛~tGi-d![89i _?:΅f?Gꄾ6?Eak7 __~0;^nxy/n(?/o>Jw>U}3=GIN'Օ|<,|qؘ-" Cwl}-M%$$U`SFa%6ʰUZ+U cp]Gr-B9Ǘ+ MkuI;s]}yrmaVMY3k?jhF3n@T3)5j{}[OVm~$ƾWӊZ\n.}G37ەUUdn܍{pŷ5f%}pwzwUzf.63H 8$r!vHiն3CʮڮqqO[]U}Rӗ#ʪ~5mci_G܁:nʉ%vϵߤߪ#e:GYnò I.=:}RtKuc1ؕ^5e}wn'ZZ6Z`Wٗ[kc8絴o):^P85fnu;8V-l$.k%|#܊4{c˧t2$$7sk|JAprMO:5h=hV$5շV쫰V+_%ඩ#)s{-#@mwlh>_i1  >gI8~BC+pԲ>ݓ_OYOofcF3a۳%=  2sqrYYamM~vsetoMA/Y[A5׾8kl&t{o<^enwW}KmQIt4!p"w0'S?"zG\8l1w"ιuׇOIO)oea:#OK*hcʫ05ۿ[_֝xԷkn 4t;tN֛k񩱗XdzitlINIt,i/LC`k21X+a6T[=X6N˜)ƽ4x>OgNM7=׵u.6vS[Q{v^K]nGi}׽9KKF#Hi {ɀ8))LZuk =FoIHƀ[*=G9s?t}'Q/793);Jn>ѹZϫC"j]IfՍ}X_^Sv`Xdt뛾&˙>ƭ"ߡ"ݮ :CwKn$2ME̋}KlF.?-U룧C82K߳߉]5eT:T :%n}s4݋_V"\1xxE7Vd~mUb+Ku.]f+ȿ/Ŵlk7XM/e%2dQ5;rFXg\aztLkps12lq'H7 S:5k5h8)M@4ӈ\_]zG,߆hsCٟ֟knh1~1oYCG\2>G?ՎRq7'f-f COiSe)Oħ%0FJI;"?CH'zѰ^[~Cvk`m`/uNzZxٹ m ]e{11_flNIy[=W _s$v=GϳgCcUzsYp;ԥV{}{k_k)3Uղͼ^2/kk6Wg쵿*zD  /y<褧ұ>}@љoLeFZvՊ=>x@Q8ݑ l'gŅҮţG1ήc Lku 6=Ͳ.0\wSgu>3NƝyngݱIp6>V0>ޖ(0d{G k!v披oPqzJDi!8YVzfs>;/}AW7·MX=Ahndn}&$blv-zz5jmλiwcgliޫeXkO+>SNE=:mRcӛ]w9v}% Sw 8=Sn5IN/VMMXe OC;}՜:PE5U[E>Ao;.kgfMq30V({ /q؝>ϐtGet>Fx̯Y{umm-IC$TzIY{XŠb.:^WNsC.XKI. K}oaZ Yook$[ge &d ϱMOk6jkw?{4vI >~rr͓hfK;p(=_#!tfCh~Ix?Wzcgt2Yk̊~m?~i}WW2Ioq`gp ǟpmX=(5MX^ܭ?=Unq}I|uIJ\Ap[PPYWؼk Uwu1#_`{OTWIOs1M?$ԽZw?\$zw\:S$u/K;0UU I)3(|o57WI%:gk ~ I)?sI$8BIM'File written by Adobe Photoshop 4.0Adobed##""     " ?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?! 2S^87´6ƨ)z:Mƺ,q24 " ȍN`ۓl˃pں= ˞Di=V$v֓(Z*.)x*wI);Fց;Z#AЏ%0fOa p{ͮIl5;J]BO1t:&$%A`GhIIQ@hFh)) I $pBpV\#TvPI ,7Vպs+};ˑtNG8'W.. 4rO ^QVE?}O->Z- 1oxw]cv?>$>Wc , k_9Fyvea]89ifvkK~~ )4 .?+澊v86E\-LQ5o('34ߣ[H= d; o3&F\[s7V2ţi,l{JAn*cXZh[yJ,vBe,()) ऐऒH_ l婍rǁDMNiN4\shGeVѾ{)cK_؄aG޴KCI.?迮:?Am] M)%V3hq~ߤ宆VeLt*Y.\.?Uhn>i)m,vFY$$}M72c Qӳr+juÈo+QԞ)ĭ։4ocS1Hg }Wnik+$8em72RSݖ2KO(3>v%!mfƴpuJ%vv%͞ ) R ILI@S D2tJO ?GXY9icߠ*Yu.,,p_<uKt.r+ՒvmiA\l^ӨnWJb[EtVS=lLIODaF<?O,ò?N]hDž=EjO  )> 4Uӱ)뮍+`.,imuVӠvzD\dci$&zRֆ,{O-g^v 7[w"Ɩ@~=c }ZI7\, 5 9IOMSeM-u=;bKq#95>6q$$&DYoŠr9w2Kog+nC^Ocٰ~AKvL1/qbJz*̌.L84b4X׹=$/I"~}5mif?\NOQ$m}X&@ɳaH3zI%=Oրn/-WK}94*{~mw$RNCI%$I $Ę4tSfkהJp*I)>)$tS٠F]__0xg{&$ JFIFHHPhotoshop 3.08BIMxHH(FG(HH(d'`8BIMHH8BIM8BIM 8BIM' 8BIMH/fflff/ff2Z5-8BIMp8BIM@@8BIM nJFIFHH'File written by Adobe Photoshop 4.0Adobed            n"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?cGX=Ga{r gX;n*Hai'O椒޹:u,%PDhMŸXjIzy!$:.}xUiѭC//sv@bb'sN$jY;@em6n|?oŽގeۻv] -ix @\{yO% a:v))4•D>T$% IOl[旟 ı[ʟ̵z&>w*̹i3$G Y:> {?;>à~x5m|Bz["AW먵i<R Esu|RSIquZ4t.뢦U[CXG{N͠-tFnXdk@ʪ6GȬ|Ҭ>[RS9 w\o ^~n]_Z}>ʟkX@ƛ\^-^ӉptiϏR,wxifImJβ>KK @q ϊJm>%: ꥽%?ߐ= ,qhʔZHZa &g5\x71&Bv7S^|Su ;|S1?HHmHmĕ,[ޡoh61&Q_a5^6G6XS?KSHT6+W>Ǿ>S }{2qC_l<}OY ӗ7uLCYqs*[YϠ{\QqC}ޕ Yϴ}+__wSҩ$ꮶ*nN*.H{.:`]Caϣ%>%ֳ0 i n5t|r'{جx$!CH厯HE}G3tR鋜+IN9_#]7_xh][ݮW1uòA_Tz?wYEw+RSKg`e~Wm5TMo[9';uđ@94cmشzLڰ(u4 cm-vYSW1Ժ/J:Hɮ] fgRSX˛i7_Sr_c?3b]#u l,8> >G,+=K==v[ܻ{zu60wmmn65{4\ȄםR&,o =Lj#P]al m'ȿfem 6ow 8]PvI$:qmy"Ǵ;˫ .w%*}ǘ6'J{2ƣ:Cw[/ꯝSmqd}Su9xsnhēҿ@guNѧ#)߃S~ugGZvupqMM>,c,~ s5]Z>zS0L/a h{{w{35+`Lmek~k۵%8#upk-4n:[?kilF6?Ao]9%.nFO%C#Ѫ[!UPlYggKIٽ$}B2{mYI kE~F=wcfeY|gkٿ7T2p郦WFa-rx{m-Vk>[ac8x֙*o=%3l°kNd[g]fܐ>2t7jߛH9 9;J}lۡP, uQf3[eNq?F5UNkզy )%`i!%?|wK27rfkiv I:nG~u֓a$;e:}_#VB[OZVAf6em#7=o#!ӭsr2LWzXf;opY4~;Qş׷xw: `2á'$:Ǻljs̹ǹE4zypcw\AlTZ}GxT?ddŻ :1.ve3e.K}CԹ%tJ~微3⻠۞ c`48X]qzveoK9IO]C=8{e!(s26^wIK4?_i.wn@Fqrs׆l))lae_ 7Ii%`6q;LL )8BIM'File written by Adobe Photoshop 4.0Adobed##""     " ?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?c̔ I-o_ vJ :Bֵ4ֳR{ D ^B{ UөUkq0#Jf"t03vԄA%3./` h8 dKZŭeLRSY]7imABJjCj^X.iS|(T )KzJbrv⒟W|(0n%Wa̖{kۿWր x woS yRh%9IMKpo%8 n"wv:X Q޳n~Zmlii#Jth$O3NT݌#2Ax夦}O*u;=k<kj}p -o#s-a[È_[+g/ vF\{SՎ1G`k qwѰQWUgHgNۺU≠@#˲q>A%2E&TII)QD繭Gyg<S=6GWg!yƐK12\oBmi? ?%1TA311fؙi}5X{@x[8YxVCmP??zJmR Jp > ,eI<-)n)pG%fjM# e~uhv!c,<@um '5)U\K<\GZwSX~K:i )˶ uR^=Lyw x/1:uy]lq>@$-V(IMRZ`y"%?kt{!TpKYJmthТTźjr(j;;})Of82\4IK5=֧O[-,T&5'6<⒚kX݀@odFS>Oې̻0/vS7k3rJ̐nvh0[S,MUmgs/i=-#wnO[t >e>ihлac'.vkԔр- w->1F5cGgBkA2㢎9NP]iq4򋻲h'p6ӳyIOԭ}Ô&pǐaIT ;ik7I'C|]^@ qQ66'UXƺm]rؔe>+C];y-#Sk2pBJz>J^) P K|F>~ yiЬieM|VUu0X)`Vb-lcf5h }KSisܮt`nѤ}Gg|\j1!ov<4:$@:}D@HG~ci ): o<d;;BJBOLG'nh8NiՐkO ⺴۽CHGɹ,V;*fxx*ݡh : %!/"{ۺ|VSWaZItIM<^ߌ(ͯӔ=Ͱ{@=jSmy&د&D36eFG(qg4~j'Y<}PJC~Ve7}XfA^> AMB\zvU卢=I?fݓ20?4FkE9Nq8%kBJ}#|)l1w;*{D Uu7-j {)8蛖I*[N.QOI)ֹvXVMLx+:NC%̓iTc丷xVR,ܘ^{ʝSXuSoCSPHRS]c4'{;?C=S7w]if9tkYN}2%%38˹Sme=@#{cyRR\s]|U\^Z4I ^}o惑[H#G}9+Z$ji)Hv<'1)4SШ?C/ICݨ)(y ֌O2Y%k}ZdzLkl= ޟZc{lIOgI0ָpc~oNe0;`u.81{zuSO*Saͤ)Ȳn7a4;r屍pk5AJ[B i a6$थOI6#DSsȦ#hOrRS>1%:_l|k#}ñجqġ C[^i}`U~˝P-kXv߻m7W5XvF|oNL~[ZONKKg؆OQ~%W6}m-hU 'c5ۿ[lܭlsRS؞;Svª-=cd3Ac{?))KfoC/Zlhqh#}@:~4Qh\FfasftKoڈ{X{pdJv};{W$Ea'vHoo#"S|EJZ`'.2Reo`j84<> okl#!iǸo5xwS w㵲GwV]6ulVgWoc[MFZ 5yGL7_-#CDvVk]هs))I8{/y-#HZ 1< V&ǒv畢gִ:ݦ8t&uAl N^Ґcl U~ӤJIo9Yi>é>G5,A8!O&h$mk>{$zD[i$ԳZ XܦW}NǴDV_RMsP :DnibͲˎ:FVR鹸0}͐ ]nԔU3mY7}2|ksyj05b`=ZX=K6%ZBi,fw87ՋE210K~W$t믷/2\=Eok:߶I-Xh,cs~#IX.n3,R$75q%96u*taVR65[uXF []cdݳީsZ;ܒۅʅu {AcʹCgP)ZëKtp)Yev8AԤr&|IGwo4Sկz[}W Kc6͌ZO]/We^ `6kvr،̴@۸b}]5HsjAIMDgft<涊kz(S2n87ho>ikk5S[]dR.ys2dOt,sOZ=0|vwi)[^;-Z˱8H1gˢFqYG2lJkKuaa^9C&!ʙc?AWSh2Esl^y xMSς4jX6)3bGEcM'EҀ*(T"x6DJ#DR\Ŕ9  P"d@uU,Sc~s#8)'8a PxDZ1Jh1e :>,'#8,D>vDx渥 0+&pK(x)w3 \x1NE@t0R@\2o0nQ=! ZbNIBou?!:0`gLP&4-rQH -X2/!?1=i&Op`)t#2s;%%$Y#ӻ:pq+`RAz\䡔idF-ҵ)M`Vђgz3]9R% &bUkY~#:(;Fő3G34-Zhږ9+X 5E[×6~n34)]`K5}'J;E#D ޗ1s\Ѝ~BxeĒk+t[ ]T-Ѝ+x%1 */Si *U&%ʞV?3}͐'~auv$)*}@VzU"') w/?-Yؿdrkm\+~ª\n,(4NNME,C`2؂qLV0=2Bot=3a4/46=pʌ%Lxƅ%`*bIFشE`j;5t,M&S6&N; ef)#.L FIfP)[gr6s 模&&oA1si k[!"c0yY?՟6{ڲ/4klO}Lhv?w?w? ءlߤRߗ}~VVk 7`CӨְF#AwHR71m t:zym[s׍Eb]Q2ˆuqԌ@UC0{:Ti""I>ϸ}Fc|%v |ކS3<1NF]0ߦcm7;XK$|v nnSG;H vii !ԪbTe dIDOrרo19c.2U ~^w3('G ݮNm=Mkwϻw^mLo;NᦟzzDCE*;zGb,UU݉t<:+;Ȏk[su:L1Os ɬTmG`k<ɠd:tWH+F by6i"*yd6-Qݡ/-:^g!Lbٯe:j&jgi 13"PHBz$Ⱥ/rF]t#Е=H$PemSaxd:WxD `RdYu=/yuXS4T__;}z;]$D&7JQsۦ.b2.h`?B7JV]AXO:$A(gPB<#u zNKJ}.ΏPddMGna&7mhƽo;w'wAg,6W:v'P3Q:JzKmw#ZOdcwߩjłܿF2(s,~+q\(p1rCw+b1۴b(I,Ww1CHM,+wݵQEK, 1ɱ&m<綝 K_Z1b#y]5wR AhEI5!?~u(-Ib]>E$}z 8"~znBM;E$u$:t zw>,K"I!i HQ*:$t|諈;$#MAE<{J!o E]LK*~ ͣ?kbxvF[pO<_ n"k&{J%Fdaf9*|b =Ʃq:NI3m2c*^8$S}WEXZX9p&h1 -iUO;nÎ2A_bɀyOW$sHjC%,<2$f2i=4QԃװCxi:5 yY4G2@%̮hwf)n__bX.O9eCb*w2;!K? P* 6?`c0o\}xH:$2JfEy|Q L;̻f+wkFvVhYNm:7Rb% \mPɮًiOP9٣LCmfh WQŻg_#iݻˮ>[t5)H@%|MZ{ҵjsDCryF#i/|Z&Z%`T~"HM]ї퍧hFu={g()J!XTbmDU6HSv^\دjZ3\s-a(e`|İ6lfA?Nϳ~pxxj3/ X ,y OETKnUN24wb*1+\O:ƫ*CI%~M#`ө2Y%Ũ6J|!:}W97ak2F6LaVVHA_ ޟկE{v!B =nhG{Aom~|MgX O5ц$Vy%eB*@GX`Y`y+Q-6Nt<j[EuNLs5K%%+ 9&X]" CaӾ:WXETB̰+BM&ɉ#n 4|z( VV[oMwVvx,,MYHBZW#ct/olIVh1ʲ"3Yu}>zkH7hᛖbHL$Y[X$OIulJ`BEU3>@˯~|t!'l\qRRLˤT譇3jdP9}N &S܏t14/ըxG7 nM^,+DX FI&/Xbh!hhvb#*b2סB,-*Oc+oZOfSŶw)G~Υak? I,UJc#ɱ֫"k׿\8ٖ j 9ȊK|uMkr]_#>QI,ֿ5]clQ4lv,* O~5ɜěX(suf{Lk`MVjB5+~uF#?KlE{V|%l RR$wԾOhxe➎Թ//d+SfK!f&hq;:,hxW(}˳ܥL9'űK>c1G I4#Qj9?<~[y>ܣ2'hqqD] , Uy(wd1Ä^SvęYF*M;T/ޯ :ztcgV8rF糙,8fIeMGPEI2ՁԜ##['܆@db #r7Fݹ7igm64]G^Z{DzXo?垟s~5v,Ă+̐Ի3#"'~;cܿoy gN4ȢM"٫JQwm #|7;JIkX3کvXbhԐTʷ$8X3%U¨#~2prQ&_#b^k=_Jʦ?#j\<[+rL*QYMf e@ :|{#%ǥ Oܚ:ZWb>5wVŊVw{4t+gP\B 4Vij'F:l:&BH),>'Wt'zCo_ub?v"=̄x|b$˯;7b>{/;w6T|Y]{ظȰưr2A Nu_޿'޿R:Ks|BG`r15j/SXh\#IVyu)Кm~g6iϹ.GpgU"4\\R\ՅX!W0KQC "h'S퍮+}4s̒ ȥt F(jz)eydv.IbzE!Oa+!Il !ԆInDIٙD dEbVG#[_KX_KJ̪+o^BԊHhb9s"{ o,Q&~Bdrю 9" ܍>iۯ qϐ T d;OOR-Ͻmm[PNwkhge#II?3Ӷ? #v۰muc_I5oQ|?u""S6,"Ǧ^dk-%=ھIËfc#"juϬ^\V+R v0JVK N@'?\zF5 ڡg(Cԓ$`4r~}bya[QCF}be󈡅QS؃j"SeQ"Ɠ`]~3l]@d6xkAN4h#,1)װZ=kJ# ê^D'i 5xrbচ0Fc{IpHlLi2[_>IdH$$<4G)#UZ9^IVQ(mQi˼:Cu/C:=x}p[*ތ<ws5 sEpQ?$ݵ@zrI%*{7 KuRdF?r<)^+u͘dx"VsnVC4uVq.ҺV:r,m"Kk1Ea> B#F6~=Hh1Ydi 2eBjAʵDQ.W5l|ͿiYd]W`>hdX^,QOX0X=U{S\Fl,0Atj:#Q7}uO>fWxi~H7z_]ݵG>_d_I6yOݦ}T~Wk/unx=P_Ay?m廷Ӭ_OS/.C_Ͽoyݷ7}ޟg[owz ^n~I~wzM˻vͯRy<{7ۻMۛdz~;u>|{~oOOQۧemiDzM~?OO٠F;ՙBjCZ_JFIFHH~Photoshop 3.08BIMxHH(FG(HH(d'`8BIMHH8BIM8BIM 8BIM' 8BIMH/fflff/ff2Z5-8BIMp8BIM@@8BIM QznJFIFHH'File written by Adobe Photoshop 4.0Adobed            Q"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ?}E?:cSlmWA+?bRΗәMe 2N\>k-+SSԾt[}t;e—g?cz{qï6ݕ-XB9ߢ*YRJwme3!q[!=\l{n;ٝoٻ+ϓhǤt6bomVv;os'aFjΩѺ,WP2:v3k\C Yv;n{Zص[u>v uul~Wk\=Xcn>54Yoԭ@.eΡWc)FPsYo߯\IN4~ޒ8IOi5Ō62C 5s?TC2[naیmy=?X wV1I 󗜗e[`շ# /n-y/ُS?GMVOQvSEG#՗_*"_BpC)`vFV?ٚkqeu9޽ʝ{7׷?)նnK X]#-,7mk^~r?V욌K4tl~$o[.e4YY¹YH@#gmU=ںG.x,ղYk*꾍Ym>zye~nuy#LU^e5I-=׵S{구})ؠV֊f;}F߳SOTK~&+1Qɳ8X*>u(, >>uvV/3C[SEs*.rŦL|[Nڈ6Wqή͟h u߫,c+c9aP[s5eMs2JgW/;Se 7?E3wlk\oO- [|!H3Vu:nFojkÙShe;}m]9f[+ȯڒCIjz?ZJPp wXs*艹/!=y8csFel?I1El1k]̓?ގױk?))>viʳ!e[u@n)%5Uz[iݑeeSOmo=zmĮVśfetN.P4k.{}mfu\ll|ܼ jX͙VtvEsչck%=~ Iʤ6ё]n}M5ˡz_\gG錫SgK6e`UpmzM!ay6$ћc{.Kro˾__և}e?`g+,'IOPߪ=)YcE}-f;2vOK*KMD}W録22]u춚c(Kz(p^- Iqowr=Xk'Q}TQԱqG=} G87INkyyt[][kl 1zuYCzh2ɾ{׊{E޾]ߧl1q Y]?!G6\3?EލoQ?+cߌPu6uH5ckǭ?)#"I%?:i߃I2GUOJëkXYM=\^ޛS[Ok[UZVC{RSlSGUįK>{[2~u۝~cF]?%s*?쭪ݞQnnKmu{Cs] ^>k7[K6u++rJszD5R1] sFkGv]Z~u=Z= #2_k?}a4ea[3ݹocT(X "'Zݾ586~]INQo~]tH=psߓf6AmG^3K[#U>cݑO-wR2ͯhw;/{=zggYͶ=XunG~mW_Cl&?H杻)GWql֗#?voͻ\eҺF+[NT[׸m{6kstn${LkL$h9q\_DQVkJm?ѵ$?]Ͻ$xX2z_K\շ#=cnerbuf:=mus-ctFׂU[]{;س0 Mʸ[Ԝ.3߲~wT}wT\*Cn}_+Ckc@#fޟ禪cO,7#.;l';cgmԪc]f/ǿ6v=g6SII1:]7ⶶ5_ema쵹L֪lvJ_/uyU *Աxl7鬪lnj2j=1WDXz}wVkvT{=6k?*9X=qUIJ=]`p׽khCAno-Ձu u{XX۞G޴vT*:,Ƹ=kScU{k$OX2X7?U{9-p SFw֖WwQEksNVqỨr l-ZK{_m7K$(#IO0HIx?dpiqHnvq3H zn3}5{hy 0TmɡV^ʛ˞?' Jp~ntRu kvc6 ENs ~e}Ci1s &/ߥ*>km+>+Nm7z~o=Rs8۪seѫu}/uO+ Wsx}5ߡcnYxY03Ǫ֖ng5챟es3 ']c2 [Xeͽߦ;/[zv`Dǧ{mLm;wIIPoK1֜Be?mdN,gc8ٺglRj[CXzFoг؃w֎c mM~%:}?uu UNk[;wQ?zoj{?id45?I>&MxTV,ac^ ֡u'V?jۊRS{I/PIO:xE5ڧ { Hz^ӜvcYAqm5W/CX2cދ}[[-icVgRfO,(eo\l6e?\kې _{MǬ&ُk{>euL6Z2({_]_GDbIn6)MRgZԺnO+,j%[{밀#mc}>ZIOSntWM,=wI>es]G/5xe }Q[׷1쪆(oeޕګqsF8Wv{(Fuq$U\Xo##Թ2nvGڝSczݷ}?[=ޫ5UeskّUW-ߞ~GI%?zmmdY5: MmYMѕԎ9kI/6GEmWEش0nɥ> .k3܏ H#SINFNoN}u㲭9ٓ?Wuӎ=QuY+{kr278,o tʥz;-cyppddlvפ#u`huT:Ƿ(6 #,{?*~+ki 78=;l(zxzc柵>cGb_2O?Jp־~+mi݊Go6]mv{u֗7=Us~=?KN?ko$8O{c߈uO%<=sw}DTV፸ x1&oţҺu7 \=_՚(}U]esj}6PO_I/? &udlkSjk6O3ݫ&J8BIM'File written by Adobe Photoshop 4.0!Adobed@X   5p4  !13Q"2BR#CS4DEAaq$%5&6 brTF9IdUce7Ws'gp ! 4bJ6Σ͕1bKh34 ЎyCSr *+sL5hA#S)*()!4D=eщ2G'F&'4ѧ&N0`%`!ɡ"I[(0P%AvD@bF0uv(9hf,@ ]T1t x:/ h Xw%3w 0k.gp`,B ppv`$[Ȱ]>3иpÇ FFx)'c޴Ci} k]Hץ9T.w#!JxNXR_Ձol5?0 ޼rKU-+H#}AhŃ]Yve.ЦR `x&JD+݃F9QS|/ %2imhGOO^WhJ_Cubi@LGz`L Y gH}k>BmM-G"ڝ}n 4s=kIWcz,Q4S rIm7Ս @ܧGHp)޳`E"[LLMZMԓdav=yhmSS5aEPE} bG[V֋ޮdJSRQVS(TH!>yZŜREVs|aZZo65M$g#JR.Ħ%PT9-\a&UYWY.jҘ{bF,6[RֹP))h!ݫdj+@C?^@J݈ lUX-L 25VE 71 k!zs9A9X7V j^zBcVLEI|w(WXUGc_;q7D saxOx遞Vt[78nz\zu<{(lmcx-f|˯}M}ysg6|q'bX<~ګu֘t;d%}a2~"W(8+'=tR֏js2O#D֦ңW|tL'Һ Gkic(4ד]鷛%sM[)ՔG1>2J_Ϫ?lB73w0 uv#d^(9j/eɖHeH:KpqRf &$Ɨ8wk%dɾWqGa8&(E>vc{4Pм14 [L҅(jEJI|=-r$86beIVj(J;KgX\ 3W(Z<0VcBmҥ#ڄ9VD;iKkc"^FS/ٵnoRѝqEkKE YoՅ(yUO4#{}W=NBv !p0pogkJ4Lg5%}'w,yrՏ#T$6Ӵ*m{*XM ʮlً;g+lxoSKe[djjfy!e`#R $&C',oi_R=/΅4y˱xwyWt+%LΎD<U{u 6KvZTGxĨŭfe6~ !GXm3QMet freNΥ;ԴڳIEA_5_/y#u>Nl;*b+eHm/HɘUW"Xaid96&bCcULZjۋ%}bi%o9}`3p99$!7&Nl5XiaƉ$S>7Qm/4ej,rHLӞ$]9:DZ[lڷd4FY6!lK>B2RF F}qWaBI&ڶ2V_˕3IqaV-3dF2_BT0) _t.-IRJ3##),M8\>ȳ3qyc1p? >Fy;|<BSHxހi-35ުhѾeZQy%6 K^Q$VEH{6٥Qd"É| #h*1協 C-.a²#zX6|N%RV2gHt(tvb>Upr'vUڒj ސFE^Υ6o-Vørmꋫ^9[waYL.z٫oiOWP(5K 6bwu}cA/]ؖf\f5s: =IUQǹj'fm`)MVL< \m(V-BorXq^ 17YzւߨLzե{3[4tRHRwz{A j>k v_ xEf/[^{D{Ӵh Ә;%~p#;{^FB9q(eVe_DUCDJy1 @l~X䄄\NhlE.b{럴+]n-#*f gْ!HU]N~ؖk n"/N۲~Q6ם73&HfW]lTڄr'VdҖ{u]Ÿ'9_}`Hkh|IR+w #7Z&8+*RĪ; jQn0ŷnFOF Pi:;E?+q\enoL+EIG\,pI;T9S: S$ejqW(4LH-ch _?z=-ıa,fq^UZ{UK-XDTzI-B7lj!T_XZzHFN9ww (k1C32Tri#9^?j:`GtDxCYrع u]eլ>۽ðPYm4݌fE$|؅"2"I)j[z-}fzF\(]Xl\m$_f.dbD*A=$]nѼC]f02)@kuD 7<Ӆ{nvU1n [SZsb)ϘlJ[CW]»ĵDfZH3J AuTBJ~6>􄺴=)V'E]J$˴#&Ǣ}.-6};5O>(@ZLފUdaZ[E~OR>z־Oxu%J_BMs/O^HjL#N+qX Iˮ |+iLiUpvTmkKu5-VhƜ)eZd k<{8]mmdQԓ.1t%r)a6Qku pPܗp9A%BJT> Mky%m }v}UBkNJ(EK/ 4-M`ecӊC9R/61RVʕ%=W!TQܤϏ W5kO*%~8{`*R󭴞 [uF pJ׳tG^_s{oMbVƣe? [hk9Yn *kh\?bp qF,(ЍrZA5 *T.].[BSG_v$D CiB^"oЪ/.K]0Lm5͙b :*uV._4#G 3hZ]Ÿk d&I'47\pqQX-Q/NK7v!5 # wya&^!A*uUhJn Us0ʌѕ6#z'_{qL9_Ma:u,@6~B)ee"U{ηx7I%k"QAe&>&;pvjtNT%M1pok5Z.KpP57]ZJ%T*^h͖RGtJ^;8wdCOoNz2P^֠{gSnZ_ FL$ʟ3Ψ}^0pU;6`e7.UEi0nBlha[~KZ)]/Pq.PbM0ҕTIC^y;UoZ Z6 o& prWĈu0E$##-^4n,wnA5⁍w-nE%1apx肺-:Glp4| pL;Ut }FuzX=@*m)Sòs y9'E{wTáÁ5iڅ#t2*Քg <&uBP%?b)PH)iWo1`qXs_@jWUV. Ù8|, nI[ O AL٣ԯkKNvbz4T^eɫ* FBѧyŭUGzfn"b5j1[)4͠o]Tho;,5:PKe:yǧNXSJV/_bC_ŠEE:RBBTYRn^nJ&h&[n&uxv}#Ce؀vW}>duf %Ia Hm\A:kC w"*+Tb6mq`]猿;ћ m7VBRhNx+ORӾӱH̺VDr+IE[bDT0lKvHeG)w͘=_w~Y{oibF[MP m fr)a'ؖȆHf*`$@ @&PhV`{up5cwNպ7b/{)Mm^ve s{a,2wҭj(Mښtq> pcJq*dHi-$NJa8S`4c8C+q3h.YW)(i©E KJ*oUdsʑ끧҄-y1d{?1<DvUq'rLj``i֔r[9r%p摕6+ID1+/H+ Q]q3JJJ(IoEx=Y/3ٻhٓ' Bu^ˋunkiE-[+inㇼV .gDOTʜ-aRv_~Х)ֶ1 "H_d&j߇6c,+Vޅ]Js75Z{K kwM@QWϊoee+á9DӦѦ-u1.f!>o 6::=k~ǽuS5ZBF.σoSyQ}ij\h[[Hm&+UP7Vhзcw=|<4j?f>lQ!B'k[2#}}${AӰYTj&y‹7M9 +یގm UUXMu=H["_Njw}wSG.Md776d9y hUkhִ 'ep lGޥV ~V 4ҖԿ\ weeNKHuN]ӬҍLow1̘ٽotwxۯC9BO2[\}=M j:wQ,. -Se !6Q!Vv";Cg8./L#%xHer\Zryभ)JO]ogȠe8n5v'NPfBVSÙyTydU }ݹ,EbWrq6\v! })kΈ5@VU3Y1bHn G)NZ3u:oaY"8QVvvH/ddpDf3{ne#-IX=赼w|>%M.Fd@j[y!24#&qxx"xIc$lT6dwCS~P.jЖʮk5*KG);#Mػo%gZqG3ZFC@^=AN2T<g KMM z od+v {G7l𱗼}1?H4go\LE'ZB N;yPDTm}߃ _=T~qxg}WHCcA/{?_s_9Ky=4S#w3O??q0#ڇ֎?}'٠FM*? n 3JFIFddDucky!Adobed EMl   #%'%#//33//@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&&0##0+.'''.+550055@@?@@@@@@@@@@@@ " !01A@"2B#3C$&6!1AQaq"2B# 0@Rbr3CSs$c4!1A Qaq0"2B@Rb3rc#C .E-W'pjberBekHf~.8ўA*|GfK_s3_3=罜 2泚H_Q_Lj晡ł܏Jg[V9T{>7uAy=mRX4m\di(Qv-K鹍X/a&t_gG@:tUE2+T!V|* rwi}̵M/͚)ԗB\m+MɢyO/eHNN9*/˲ilZxr^;GESOz`~3G;}Ԭ;*Uݷ˙zbw[n-sM4N1Bhv -o2a kjtbbQm<9Se{"S՘A]np\Fa)c`er"Ѩ; -B쩺f (wK};U^h17}jVg#Dk%؏eZwnɂU/kbKs/q] 4W/:2{;:UÀxG)w|G6GwpIgZh%T=xozh-M5ȨC-֚bav1d]wȖIUWa3/yy8O{ڪ<-r(ɇGHNJ]Z<ddժWcn{0eP~0 ;$ f5@mGei."#<(=GӁ XV6WJky9KEQjE_'$חN9^Up"((v: ") m<%)U wǾ4* x~!<BH#+bpAPʌAd-?V<$8#~2̑͊bYx#8!"+-ލf-z !5jW) ^B矀} e-/'҈ՃP#t#qt(*R)x"so*ue*<0½TNɥ{NeFW~s$GP|ר}1 :dfό~z,2J, 8> [x^#9`UATc:BT~=?'=ɂ%viЈab2>1ky2s l3~n/F4' #8:րȑ,TZNUyJ,zS2%65s}S gb1KK{tXHt*8<ޏ$q)0ܜ ȥh@ǠG8!sQ ItQ䁟ԳU`Yx~:pqcu F (eX|tz) v9agf rpbOd!oy|s 0О}907!|9#8a0 c `Pp0a3P98* 8?~~}G B9R}*K«rx 09q{jP1z~ _?cZp8yN}>spOʬ t*q>r|p`88r&Abs/g99ά-u9,z~OyDT 9T ngbչ Qu,%m~;Ӫ]Rd C iKf qpBfaķ0`̪6V V\1T%Qq̭^@Da!X[|R%U &O|LtL.],%5i?bect3XzԫԈƏ{!jMeu[Re揅{΃5SHdI}]ƯSVMZy$vAǒ`lk3Iޚ0CufyvxE[KScjxOix]suDv{&HI3oV,{:byGN&w.b.-VF^=MQMseJ5cz&]eZ>@*}}< /mpXx-+I:&6U6ƗDvm9e2ƨvVueu6QGY$ݬl޵$j:ue(vCFVJEbjշwmV/սݨէ[+W5ꮾ<ך-½]ӿ+5 Vo PX[d>ĂBIojH]e$r;)y4ɫGvQmgRE aO dZ`YJ؜3+9# K׀^J٠*~5H(-ԛIUqlc`Xee͍Ub͌E<KfW{5$wPCQnl2,VP Xᚸ 4r>H0S:q[fK5?X%@=j}䛻r4[6wb<VvBz01Iֶ쒵n4mIYvֻk"ZU["Jw&9.BijMފxd;:P+kmY6V_UR9%hkHgjpB.;埶"]\e d\ؚ9g;hWB.V9'2q^@r؆ )n֞LϫDmVAbrJw)Xzy&񻍱GM&iooESKMCK---}4ufGs9 % $gԍj#GQ'S}q9ϠMg`_Fv-bO r nMkxY~6]C7$o{[lkWVW5 WdNZ5)Vkj6֭:m86ƾ[w,[{ijv%m#дw\g]y]tfG*7~2;3XGf`psǬMjtC=wU5j]7v{֒[+]<ִZ #(u:z[|Yhj_W itk7hxuZ:jx:55u sz԰]ҞƬW_Qȴ 6&g<@tS;8<6&Kȿ mQٮ⩥M W"ۡȬגЛQ50Q۶gWڷ,Ok["mГmgQ5[:y&`+G_kmprkUu{[%#ehjWG mj9_Wdm Z 8h66k]y-԰MZhf_5nK:J*Xޞق=D+8Yt^"iu𥩪5{2jZ֩A\,9QUK5MFk!gUuI; =8z1Qm79b3/t=o!CY^4OjeV;)byQ,lȣC,kbe='i&•k!BG$瓂KRb2\(*ՎMv/Ghum|^v+Ewgۍ1Š&·϶ZmkeTYz0ljCx*jv%I =schܗ9Ok GR) { .;G'0f) RNDH (+<+G;?%"Ȍ= g#$">pba![>~W>!_?% Pqe;G=({dVeǷRbx-1:Nᙛ#|%OLȳjS7T&dC8BB?p~dp r-Os?vXv@0b9r'gdjdm9)vXmiΛ̣ocyNq0#v;98ĸx sޤ=1"=ri" HP!]!X j:cYQ!X:E8%^r!s8'T؉fK.֑^U]jAG*%DURQ@Ĺj#m'=~kH?L$QlX"GqDjY>x9gʩ꒮P52f",UszYpŊe)DBɕ s@8sQ~HXv˓mtQfx]JORrN &M@)DE5ME{XtQ?syCzaT# ,^UJ Ds<S/22#",H$D ȉGq3Qk捏8KM(Pφv>Ȕei*ZH|hz)v)b 1&$i"ѯ$.PQ"PQ{'9ȯ)t18 #)Eł)s.@qMU?5R4F?Ve6r+p~Z5@G\$G-Zܕo+Jv\gBZ9iD AT/qL0t ɷrG'j]jgT⮼;AMp6' ]ѐ 4JVL VX6DA)vO2 KgƸ阬'LW#0fw&Fl޻O(ӹ [$Q>ɉGN[,rT@Fh\aEt_m&WCmq U&j5NE_!*b%?I& Zvx"TwAgJ7 W4Sz7+;p#0ȆÞa[cTr 2z.H7Ȯ ac 2 ҏ jT\?ĉThbI-wfm*,GS1 _xڏZx@L NGiyX1[j_}2eN H F^c]Qiw~b ƙy \m:hܹPLdnmHD c·-ש't5c?48\c6S _#VjCGʹ6 Pm1aoCT1;{U%ɰ쭫rnM@L6(DUA/G ʠr;|˜1XGL:LV;*:/Unҽf#k,G؏\8xP տf|Ҳd f Cm2Cmځx}E?Qsw>T;ފRf y՘E {@=H{?BL\,AVfGQo.3;m'ĊǕ@(\ d>whpXH+YRrehU]OJB27pZO^  ?}: [LWP0=QTecU;&Hhًm0 ߏML Ltl|Ƴ* ֆn @Oo 4=t/i>Cl;Of8A]͘ |EN:а)fPw|hkԍXRwj41 \-8mrEe 3@7X9yE7]dE{u~ 5vt/X+X1EvG([ȦmГ w~b$",wFD`k$}+9-0hs:Me) IWA>`{ y nPˌ6~<\|t`M.>"+q1H|/`죋]yY5g0v^ ?m&4TP&"vX|6LHh#M\o:UZœ0 }l EKD>SvJKMqfV#f81mޡAƦn?vV>6tC?0\?`LdW:Nٸ*ӹ\" l\0@$`#:XDS"hw]NdQ2"7 MKćڎ(Fe>d &q&< vqAŋ!RUyj}(3ẩ4`Mzv U|O=4q)?15 (b퓈lPܠ^ Vw#Cj=iV>Lĕ'q Mr0]0Xz%;::Ƙ$S2rdPn2ד?UgcDșÀC:vH`=l}?2[V(gNz q H:Aʰ{bBPT+e0A;5?#NֱsnQH]q?(vks4r mAD {#ililH>"HKSF謪n%eiC!uV<8q"@*6LhɎ6Fbnj~]+gn)a F܃G{?tr$~`/'vG#m1^lc &7cݾ,ádi=yf˒Dd/Op"(>fjڸ1WoeM1DyIVǕ`IڛB!}?(=$ (ͮ9*B}Ys 67TMkXVcPe3R?g)Գ[鐲`UczȡS AQbL T58xm\BnSS<\fMd1f-й i5"AJ됫A##{7N;[* uߕƘό+? RWBl h']LP>kF*1tՎ܎Blip$wͫoe$eOH&|:P+eXfuA[XA ͫ[@\؉VC!JNoϏX0㲆e\dd(4 jhrʋ۷ٯfk 0bbC|?gP?.ܨ&))yfoJ\\Y0(.6#UO^ NԞ 3 L"OC_ 3$?CgkcleX,Q'CD|ėy#R6}D}tA<*P;&3[m/;! J6yQ~neo_~Ðnr67<&C`rnl1*?i0!>/QlacN@ [CWϛRvI>4LX8U|#LR& $QEU@ILE1?Ԁ,]5"<&ձx6|l%[j)(ǍdthkRct|ck ҭS}h,L r('ߥ*dHe3Dbz2u6,FرH3ҢHTja_yODVWn obuS;z#~;OE[ i Sy>@l,$&fA86F (A~群덶oSc?O g'+6UT ܠV #Wa֎Zdl81Q$Zl=5VSy^n==zUiSFum}+x -k'P- A +ߏzƴD:vwHL豷eNJ;lZ?vw;#Y(3N=CDf"ce% nDAh4@2irWy5_ʬ۽X utŤ@6[WL j:VVq2 ^`nַ A4AZ\;"Ɯ _J }&.<(6ܣ$:_V{E8o:S`i1ut2O`&P s`TwwXxA=OKTW'$KbEC eYl{k oEwT}6}4=˚r m'kԯm'i+cNQՀ}TL k";'/  E1Ovt7e;L",'zWGJaYS+dLY eo|5_0?)1~MLSCXV [G__^diQˠ*"F ֬ P y{*@k.51 Le@xK8EM;k_bz\MV:t׺EM@iX ͩA>c1p PL ٽ>cٶ:z V]:/H?o荮EwC.!deZLJu =q@fH׸VA("r1@J=6 E_,LMxAb.ECގW56Wt?X`dDw]waNj&*&D?_G +ۯZ"mRjHٲ+:]¯F5}( f@"mPxP=ժZnS2nh `i֘D=DzS3.ՕyMQN助ZB$0FTQ] ;=^Տ`g`b$ezlaI"5K(\8bEYs{K7Q"{M]6i~R X7jAzG8Dn(xlF)wz۴`ZwGm|@1w}pBN:wVhi@?}mCCv1Wr w->I|Q4h=JP6C}166q~UXyć 7L]6ީEDb 16Y2 ޞ߻<1* ̷cuy2Uca/&h#z׺'#J%v Cc&,7 AT5ցD fDbV@@UɹqS8d_MSsPͽLV OT*/0; ÑiX9cW(Q9#)}cj+8ؠ(1* moz˄eVp 1 YMg\126;0q 1ALx2[iԹn+rcL@ۏ~~tna/>t E?PB%u*gPvRO[T/j2m~Ifm6G:[@\@]$P|b/ 0vLzXOSY; MmYyL-u\_k Ew\va!B uffQ1gVn;#z1<(o0 HUS3:`t8X&NAƼfC96J̇9x(cqYb3swkX JdqC ק}r8'؜r|_wk񶸟'rcU jAB[4QFWg$B!0Xú;!p=Ae6_%dE/̋ۥ`œ8؂UǕ|\ a |k/rA:@J;mXmTeLˌB3a An].XBCk̘p&Vuą3!Ȣq[^Eu)uP;i0l1r1 .yryߙTQ)xW*ZM/7K]<,ͤl%07'+\y3!Ok("p_..(QK&, `is\|ql[mX-`MbanCr2e.1|A "/(NS.}fI덈Bnß&ǻ;a ;F6>[fF7ŗ8 D,SfY݃"W|3b59bVUs& |n7'2d˴*V3Md?s2~#oZ뻱` j+]N g:1  1*F1X [>vb]ܰ 6B濇ɼV s8ru:Vŷe=b8cbTSӿ뗋MmWk2b}c\Ve8($R?|~O,]ۑ0PN?y=: #dU˅oڦARM0:޸3t˕CgaA XK)!DG1WlaԦM7$<+YKP3wLju!"ưw:9RBjV %A˸Qee/d}&Xx‘e#1۹[ujⶪ Jq {-xc #aB 4,!uV+c19;ƹp#sf1=Ʉ7Oaae|DZ8miᶏ\?Wx1/]zm&Lǽ|ZορXP >,ɄMc7 063ƹXtZfȠg 8GۚllZ*u: j:@ɐTY*FA?c H-\Y%A$T GJ 4Dcz‱c\g1ޘQ7cIsbʸ,Xn7sd|ƮW"V +8^WQ3᪷#Gۜ61u *:xmY֟6_?nd1'C0}k?TkY_*XoG2ly,}AdhXÓ62uc% Ɵa&l(BT1^/IcG}Ue8 CMw+-2.g@NRwm%Srؔ#Xܙe怦@tܾυvaU .4@۴ړl\dA3OKoόBf} $kHwDnf6^>+5ċ@v2 ϖ2e`¬(v<6"1?ܳj)9#l/H}*<p2f-O]mk'"zIPL#J3q`,FErī`g/ ƾg%""id\+ë 1q6ЎpӀy|ؖՏғS+0 HMcnF,x 60d3 Y* v.a¼|1h.Ec[(PFـ!׶q\q Hs֭ւ2;I0G#QA9:@dÌQ;Yd~qFT2F zS7g賤1HzmT lczX B% v1J^Gm}賴6f{ ovRg^$k1M:yP!kq_Iޟy}IvM>>#b@1\T5ܲ5@Oh=*@fșqKbDar+v<+ ΐAf30.5]ܸ'ђGh3\Xy l6~?Ux݂2&rPf5? ȝ[m/Hl2:S".:4PDVG/I΀T|XpfǑrci2vot= tFo¹ O+h-Nk>R3ć\;aN<*yG~cN|"*&\c)hyriHVX ?Jq}=`AG~ qhr#vOt}b]|foQ/lb|9̛y|SJOWc?j¶oLp gH@Cp4Eɉ\v+@MۣKAI\{S 4$3hG')tٝy63$t1zɝqvb(g۹4m_g?v]?D9 Mq:NFQn[&LU`^v!aţrS7.1b* Gx|L@,Ou+#܆O ucu !ظQ r/ħx[ZLM#J*7hu`ORh?GZ¸܌Y1>gkcE6(.e~ShC$Z&\ci2W,\k0 r2H~vHؕc#0= 7l k+W)̧1V++ nLS:Acz; rqr:&0|gjVݴ# dW>N>KA~A"rx0wN0ʹ\ fPqb 6r$5aDdɃUH߿- `kMGҷ"M^x4Er)]+d-'›Exuɛ!Q!H b)`ʉ4#lGmyύc`geRL܈O ϗÄڡ"yekE֮O2˕&LL0r\ ^עfl}M2 =Nu&`FEN7mYIX )6oq~G|5-vOdڇ߉1q=M'J9g)}5'+! 3a$ރ)!T"|,xW>F`HV'pq$boĽ/'r!'_kd\L^kQnu͐7g( ;A/#Ὡ07lo&,>396Y[VN0a`"FC_̳LdɅ#Nmp`}Cf e_Qmdlֹ6rT6ܺW#>|-ʙW6{(lh\&UU-`#q7D2~j^I1$vP˒=MTvy2YN;hu5 Myz;7Y@u̞VRO*} U(V>$Dv 4(>Ovڰ0;McY;,O^fy6B==zHҷt?Gkץ5s3Z?_o]k k|t֏ 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`r[ GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`r[ GF`rp@ pp? %O =!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm http://www.filmsite.org/birt.htmlt)- ''>   @  :    ,  _                        /4  PLsx,,  c yg(,,(d'`V   (   l  C P  Y  l  C 4@ Y  $  C A  wp_aa_03.jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: $  C A  wp_aa_02.jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:P $  C A washingtonb.jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:@X`B  s *f޽h ? ̙33  |8(   |l | C HP  Y  l | C K  Y  X | C A 04_01.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:0 ,$DX | C A 01_01 2.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:0 : ,$DX | C A has cleveland? 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: o,$DB | s *f޽h ? ̙33*  Hp(  Hl H C TP  Y  l H C   ` Y  $ H C A 01_03B.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:   $ H C A wp_aa_05.jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:0 ppB H s *f޽h ? ̙33  TL(( - (r ( S P  Y  r ( S p  Y   ( 3 VTL0e0eAbirt.jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: 1 @ Y    B ( s *f޽h ? ̙33  ,$( 4 ,r , S 4P  Y  r , S  Y  B , s *f޽h ? ̙33   LD( yz Ll L C 4pP  Y  l L C pp  Y  $ L C A  wp_aa_04.jpg 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:p` x B L s *f޽h ? ̙33 I T*(   TR T 3    Y  T C tr @  Y  pJMonroe Trotter, as he was called, had a lineage to be proud of. He was a descendent of Thomas Jefferson on his mother s side, and his father, James Monroe Trotter, had been a lieutenant in the only black division in the Civil War. He had been a proponent of equal pay for black soldiers during the war, and afterwards he was worked for the post office, where he was the first black postal clerk in Boston. When less-qualified white workers were promoted above him, he quit and ran for public office. He was elected as a records keeper in Congress &  T 0tx 0 @  `James Monroe Trotter 2  H T 0޽h ? ̙33I z0\( X < \R \ 3    Y  \ C 4s @  Y    H \ 0޽h ? ̙33r@c/M \K` mX1b7elsR ??/m( / 0LDTimessIIFr`Fr` `  @n?" dd@  @@``  b    QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`r[ GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`r[ GF`rp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /4  PLsx,,  c yg(,,(d'`rOn ?+ns( / 0LDTimessIIFr`Fr` `  @n?" dd@  @@``  b     R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`r[ GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`r[ GF`rp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /4  PLsx,,  c yg(,,(d'`r?ˬ( / 0LDTimessIIFr`Fr` `  @n?" dd@  @@``  b     R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`r[ GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`r[ GF`rp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /4  PLsx,,  c yg(,,(d'`r ?۬#( / 0LDTimestIIFr`Fr` `  @n?" dd@  @@``  b    LDTimesIIFr`Fr` `  @n?" dd@  @@``  b      R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&ҁt      !"#$%&'()*+,-./1456k89:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijlmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`rD GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`rD GF`rp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil Wahe disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /4  Psx,,  c yg(,,(d'`rW ?3{( / 0!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class presimes4IIFr`Fr` `DArial4IIFr`Fr` `  @n?" dd@  @@`` !e      R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`r GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`r GF`rp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propagr, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /4  Psx,,  c yg(,,(d'`r? ( </ 0DTimesIIFr`Fr` `DArialIIFr`Fr` ` ident Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /P   Psx,,  c yg(,,(d'`   |8(   |l | C P  Y  l | C t  Y  X | C A 04_01.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:0 ,$DX | C A 01_01 2.gif 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7:0 : ,$DX | C A has cleveland? 00029DB1107-127 B5E17FD7: o,$DB | s *f޽h ? ̙338I ( Q4 O44T R  3    Y   C  @  Y  <William Monroe Trotter is one of the forgotten pioneers of the Civil Rights Movement. Historian Richard Hayden said Trotter was  50 years ahead of his time.  h  0 H  0޽h ? ̙33JI  P(  PR P 3    Y  P C  @  Y  William Monroe Trotter was born in Ohio in 1872. He grew up in the wealthy suburb of Boston called Hyde Park. There he attended the all-white Hyde Park High School, where he was the senior class president and the valedictorian. He attended Harvard University, and was the first black American to receive the Phi Beta Kappa Key. Trotter studied politics and history at Harvard with the hopes of going into business. He became successful in real estate, and opened his own mortgage office in 1899, where he met his wife, Geraldine Pindell. Lc  &  ~   H P 0޽h ? ̙33 I TH(   TR T 3    Y  T C  @  Y  JMonroe Trotter, as he was called, had a lineage to be proud of. He was a descendent of Thomas Jefferson on his mother s side, and his father, James Monroe Trotter, had been a lieutenant in the only black division in the Civil War. He had been a proponent of equal pay for black soldiers during the war, and afterwards he was worked for the post office, where he was the first black postal clerk in Boston. When less-qualified white workers were promoted above him, he quit and ran for public office. He was elected as a records keeper in Congress&& &  T 04 0 @  `James Monroe Trotter 2  H T 0޽h ? ̙33zI :2 X( X ȹ XR X 3    Y 8 X C   @  Y  Trotter began to see great injustices being done to blacks in his society, so he gave up the real estate business and started an activist newspaper. He fashioned it after William Lloyd Garrison s abolitionist newspaper the Liberator, even to the point of starting his paper on the same floor of the same building that Garrison worked from. The motto of Trotter s paper was  propaganda against discrimination, and he used the paper to speak out against those who would not seek equality. His most common target was Booker T. Washington, who favored appeasement instead of equality. GE G H X 0޽h ? ̙33I 0\H( X < \R \ 3    Y  \ C  @  Y  VIn 1903, Trotter and some associates arrived at a church hosting Booker T. Washington. They reportedly hissed and booed him, and at some point pepper was let loose and a riot ensued. Trotter was arrested and served 30 days in jail, but received national attention as an opponent of Washington s ideas. Although Trotter and W.E.B. DuBois had been friends and even went to Harvard together, Trotter distanced himself from the NAACP, and by the 1920 s was deriding it, claiming it was fueled by  white money.  J   H \ 0޽h ? ̙33*I @`z( X  p `R ` 3    Y  ` C d @  Y  DIn the election of 1912, the Guardian endorsed Wilson as a candidate, but soon after the election his administration began segregating federal offices. The paper started a petition against the  Jim Crow laws, and in 1913 submitted 20,000 signatures from 36 states to Wilson. The petition had run in newspapers across the country, and Trotter found that nearly half of the signatures had come from blacks in the South.  H ` 0޽h ? ̙33 I IAPd( X  t dR d 3    Y G d C   @  Y  When the petition failed to stop the resegregation, Trotter descended on the White House, where he debated the equality of segregated offices %   \ H d 0޽h ? ̙33I {(  R  3    Y   C 4v @  Y  !Some praised Trotter, but many spoke out against him. Because of the riot in Boston, Trotter was seen as a threat when he traveled across the country to speak, and was often confronted by police when he arrived. He was also criticized in the African-American press for personally attacking the people he disagreed with rather than their ideas. He did not have many visible figures to support him, because he distanced himself from any other black leader that emerged.   H  0޽h ? ̙33r8 0`3'8'?EKP *lS ? 7W( </ 0DT  @@`` !e    R$6aMc\8R$@gqDeGYX\8b$샪m$-sL *8z8b$w52D]a):U:E8b$p:Ez[OO8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO78b$> 6=liopcf8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ Q8b$Dė^v $Mb8R$ p)i'D8R$ї8 /L).;># 8R$__0xg{&$ eH8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>8R$*? n 3My8c $      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijkl0nqrsuvwxyz{m~ 3f@ g4kdkdp * pppp@ g4PdPdp * pp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public Schooanda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /P   PLsx,,  c yg(,,(d'`f I &`d( X  t dR d 3    Y $ d C   @  Y  jWhen the petition failed to stop the resegregation, Trotter descended on the White House, where he debated the equality of segregated offices with president Wilson. Wilson reportedly got so angry that he threw Trotter out of the White House, and said if his group wanted to debate the issue, it had better get another spokesperson. It was a great PR moment though, and Trotter received coverage in many  white newspapers for the stunt.  %    H d 0޽h ? ̙33rW/w ?wW|( </ 0DTimes4IIFr`Fr` `DArial4IIFr`Fr` `  @n?" dd@  @@`` !e      R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`r GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`r GF`rp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /P   PLsx,,  c yg(,,(d'`I phX( X H hR h 3    Y  h C $ @  Y  f"When  Birth of a Nation hit theatres, Trotter was disturbed by the representation of African Americans in the film. He organized peaceful protests at the theaters in Boston that showed the film, much like a striking laborer would protest. People that wanted to see the film had to walk through Trotter s line of protesters to get in to the theater. This plan may have backfired because it gave the film a lot of publicity, but the action did plant the seeds for future generations to peacefully protest injustice in the streets.  H h 0޽h ? ̙33r|m?|}( </ 0DTimes4IIFr`Fr` `DArial4IIFr`Fr` `  @n?" dd@  @@`` !e      R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`r GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`r GF`rp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /P   PLsx,,  c yg(,,(d'`I 0\J( X < \R \ 3    Y  \ C   @  Y  XIn 1903, Trotter and some associates arrived at a church hosting Booker T. Washington. They reportedly hissed and booed him, and at some point pepper was let loose and a riot ensued. Trotter was arrested and served 30 days in jail, but received national attention as an opponent of Washington s ideas. Although Trotter and W.E.B. DuBois had been friends and even went to Harvard together, Trotter distanced himself from the NAACP, and by the 1920 s was deriding it, claiming it was fueled by  white money.  J   H \ 0޽h ? ̙338I l( X  lR l 3    Y  l C $ @  Y  &At the end of World War I, African American leaders were hopeful that Wilson s 14 points would offer blacks around the world a universal equality. W.E.B. DuBois and Trotter applied for visas to travel to France to petition the leaders, but Trotter s visa was denied. So he grew a beard and learned to cook, working his way across the ocean on a steamliner. In France, he was able to organize some conferences to include black freedom in the language of the treaty, but he and other African American leaders were completely ignored.6      H l 0޽h ? ̙33 I t`(   tR t 3    Y  t C  @  Y  nOn his 62nd birthdy in 1934, Trotter went for a walk on his roof, where he fell to his death. Some suggest he committed suicide, others say it was a tragic accident. His fight for black equality had taken his wife and most of his money, but his vision was more important than luxury or comfort. Trotter is most remembered as one of the earliest civil rights activists who used peaceful civil protests, such as strikes, to raise awareness. He also founded an influential newspaper that was a forum of black causes across the country.    H t 0޽h ? ̙33r MO?( </ 0DTimes4IIFr`Fr` `DArial4IIFr`Fr` `  @n?" dd@  @@`` !e      R$6aMc\E8R$@gqDeGYX\E8b$샪m$-sL *8zE8b$w52D]a):U:EE8b$p:Ez[OOE8b$LkVJ*iXjJxiO7E8b$> 6=liopcfE8b$pxl>}Rϖ{ QE8b$Dė^v $MbE8R$ p)i'DE8R$ї8 /L).;># E8R$__0xg{&$ eHE8R$#Y"7oVNCsq1 E8R$ՙBjCZ_;P>E8R$*? n 3MyE8c $ 3f@ g4kdkd`r GF`rppp@ g4PdPd`r GF`rp@ pp? %O =r!William Monroe Trotter 1872-1934$"   " 50 years ahead of his time   The Early Years  JBorn April 7, 1872 Raised in Hyde Park, MA High school valedictorian and senior class president Graduated from Harvard with honors, earned a Master s the next year      A Family of Activists  6Trotter s father served in the only black regiment in the Civil War, fought for equal pay Wife s uncle fought to integrate the Boston Public School system   The Guardian of Boston  Founded in 1901 Modeled after William Lloyd Garrison s Liberator  Propaganda against discrimination 3,000 circulation in nine months $7 H  Opposed to Black Leaders  zArrested in 1903 for disrupting a speech by Booker T. Washington He believed in equality, not in Washington s appeasement Also opposed Marcus Garvey, and later W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP 6     Backlash in the Media  [Viewed by many as a militant radical Accused of personal attacks on those he disagreed with \  Opposed to White Leaders  Supported Wilson in 1912, but the president allowed the spread of discriminatory regulations in the government Trotter started a petition to protest the Wilson administration in 1913 The petition against Jim Crow received more than 20,000 signatures    Opposed to White Leaders  vTrotter led a delegation to the White House in protest of Wilson s plan to segregate government offices Got into a verbal argument with the president and was thrown out of the White House   Protesting Stereotypes  Organized a protest in Boston of D.W. Griffith s  Birth of a Nation These  picket line protests became a model of the Civil Rights Movement &   ]  The Treaty of Versailles  Applied for a visa to travel to Paris in 1919 but was denied Disguised himself and traveled to Europe as a cook on a steamer Organized the Pan-American Conferences to raise support for black equality in the peace treaty    The Legacy of W.M. Trotter  }Died on his 62nd birthday Remembered as Early civil rights activist Founder of the Boston Guardian Civil protest organizer 6(S(S ~   Bibliography  Bennett, Jr., L. (1968). Pioneers in Protest. Chicago: Johnson. Berry, F., ed. (2001) From Bondage to Liberation. New York: Continuum. Clements, K.A. (1987). Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman. Boston: G.K. Hall. Dirks, T. The Birth of a Nation, Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/birt.html Getting Word: The Monticello African American Oral History Project http://www.monticello.org/gettingword/GWties1.html Ohio History Project (1998). The African American Experience in Ohio. http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/index.stm Patler, N. (2004). Jim Crow and the Wilson Administration. Boulder, CO: University Press. Stevens, P.F. (2002, Feb. 21). The Activist of Sawyer Avenue, The Dorchester (MA) Reporter, http://www.dotnews.com/trotter.html )- (C'v   @  :    M         2      [                  /P   PLsx,,  c yg(,,(d'`r ?( </ 0DTimes)t!!pp 0DArial)t!!pp 0  @n?" dd@RdO)\=2@Pictures